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the explorer who set sail with 3 ships and "discovered" the new world on october 12
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trading of plants, animals, diseases and slaves between old/new world
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where European ships traveled around the world to search for new trading routes and partners
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spanish system of control over natives in much of the americas in the 16th century
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strict social hierarchy structed on racial components and designed to ensure spanish european dominance in the new spain
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a trading route between Europe, Africa and North/ South America
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routes slave ships used to transport slaves
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Hernan Cortez invaded Mexico, conquered the Aztec Empire and claimed Mexico for Spain
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Henry wanted to divorce his wife so he decided to split the country of England from the Catholic Church
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an English joint stock company that established colonial settlements in North America
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first permanent English settlement in North America
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engaged in fur trading and it helped shape develop French colonial experience in many diverse way
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John brought tobacco to Jamestown which stabilized the economy because it is a cash crop
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The first legislative assembly elected representatives in North America
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first document to establish self-government in America
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Dutch governor surrenders New Amsterdam capital of Netherland to an English naval
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limited the power of the government and extended voting rights (first constitution)
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the war marked the last major effort by the Indians and gave the colonists control of southern New England and cleared the way of English expansion in the area
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it hastened the hardening of racial lines dealing with slavery the war involved both white and black indentured slaves which worried the ruling class and burning of Jamestown
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many indigenous pueblo people that lived there were against the Spanish colonizers in the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo Mexico also known as Pope's Rebellion
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protestant religious revival that swept colonies(first real common colonial experience)
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a law that forbid colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains
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tax on sugar
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in 1765 parliament passed act to pay down war debt, it was the first tax, tax on paper
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colonists were forced to house and feed soldiers
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Townshend Acts were passed to put taxes on a variety of goods including glass, lead, paper, tea and paint
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a fight between British soldiers and American colonists in Boston where 5 colonists were killed
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tax on tea
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protest against British taxes in which the Sons of Liberty boarded British ships and dumped tea into Boston Harbor in 1773
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a series of laws set up by parliament to punish Massachusetts for its protest against the British
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first battle of the Revolutionary War
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document that declared independence from Britain and the formation of America
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turning point in American Revolution resulting in the French alliance
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the first constitution of the United States
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last battle of the Revolutionary War and surrender of British
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America gained independence and become its own country
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revolt by farmers to protest the high taxes and forced selling of their property
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compromise where every 5 enslaved people counted as 3 in the states population
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essays arguing that a strong central government would protect liberty
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a plan of government for our country and replaces the articles of confederation
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two house legislature for lower house representation would be based on population and the upper house would be equal
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hero of the revolutionary war and people saw him as very honest
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a protest and rebellion against an excise tax on whiskey that turned violent
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it helped build a strong national economy
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Washington is offering advice to the US government in order to keep the US peaceful
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US sent three diplomats to ask France to stop attacking American ships
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John Adams was the second president of the US
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they were four bills that the federalists passed in 1798 in preparation for an anticipated war with France
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the way a women should be for lower class
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the 19th century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable
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third president of the US and first to take his oath of office in Washington, DC
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it established judicial review and demonstrates the power of the judicial branch
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a land deal between the US and France
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4th president of the US, helped write the federalists papers and "father of the constitution"
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The Treaty of Ghent ended the war of 1812 and returned all territorial conquests made by the two sides
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a protective tariff that helped American industry by raising the prices of British goods
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5th president of the US and his presidency was known as the era of good feelings
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for every new free state that was added to the union, a slave state should be added
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that the US opposed further European colonization of and interference with independent nations in the Western Hemisphere
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6th president of the US, eldest son of John Adams and no majority in electoral votes, so the House of Representatives had to decide, corrupt bargain
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allowed western farmers to ship surplus crops to sell in the North and allowed northern manufactures to ship finished goods to sell in the west
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7th president of the US, part of a new party the Democrat
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law passed by congress and supported by Andrew Jackson allowing the US government to move Indians to the west of the Mississippi river
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a renewable law that guaranteed the right to buy land
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he thought it was unconstitutional and was supported by the people
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a sectional crisis during the presidency of Andrew Jackson created by South Carolina's 1832 Ordinance of Nullification
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half a million immigrants came to the United States
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James K. Polk was the 11th president of the United States
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Texas was admitted into the United States on December 29
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potatoes were the major food source in Ireland and started to create a disease killing people
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bill that would ban slavery in the territories acquired after the war with Mexico
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land won by the US in the Mexican American War
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a political party that was focused on opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories
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it ended the US Mexican War and transferred 500,000 square miles of land from Mexico to United States ownership
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when gold was found by James Marshall over 300,000 people came to California
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5 separate bills passed by the US congress
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this act required that slaves be returned to their owners even if they were in a free state
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a novel published by Harriet Beecher in 1852 which portrayed slavery as brutal and immortal
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an agreement that the US made with Mexico, agreeing to pay Mexico 10 million for a portion of Mexico
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a bill that gave settlers a choice to decide whether slavery would be allowed within a new states border
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time period when there was violence happening during the settling of the Kansas territory
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democrat used a can to attack Senator Sumner
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landmark decision of the US Supreme Court
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congress passed the homestead act offering 160 acres of free land to any citizen or intended citizen who was head of the household
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vice president Andrew Jackson becomes 17th US president
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abolition of slavery: slavery is not allowed in any state or territory under the government of the US
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racist anti- Semitic committed to extreme violence to achieve its goals of racial segregation and white supremacy
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an agency created by the government that helped and protected newly freed African American find jobs, homes and education
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congress passed the 14th amendment which declared that all persons born naturalized in the US were citizens= rights
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radical republicans in congress attempted to impeach and remove Johnson from office using the tenure of office act in 1868
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black suffrage: citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of their race, color or being once slaves
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political party of protecting the interests of native-born against those of immigrants
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Jim Crows laws were state and local statutes that legalized racial segregation
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the invention of the light bulb created by Alexander Graham Bell
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the period in American history that lasted from 1863 to 1877
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the invention of the light bulb created by Thomas Edison changed our lives
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the first major act restricting immigration to the US
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federal employees were chosen based upon competitive exams
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strike in Chicago in favor of eight hour days where a bomb was thrown into a crowd killing one person and ended the Knight of Labor
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to lift the native Americans out of poverty and to stimulate assimilation of them into mainstream American society
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established the federal governments right to oversee railroad activities and required railroads to public their rate schedules and file them with the government
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act was suppose to prohibit trusts and monopolies; was used to halt RR strike which threatened to restrain the nations mail delivery
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Carnegie steel company against the nations strongest trade union, the amalgamated association of iron and steel workers
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a nationwide conflict between labor unions and railroads that began in 1894 when employees of the Pullman palace car company began by the company reducing wages
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landmark decision of the U.S. supreme court that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation
