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Georgia Abolishes the White Primary
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In 1946, a man known as Primus King was withheld voting rights in Columbus, Georgia. The White Primary, a primary that only lets whites vote, was abolished because of a federal court ruling that was held in his favor. This opened doors for more blacks to vote and have their voices heard. -
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1946-1971
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All Armed Forces are Integrated
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President Harry Truman gave the order for the United States Armed Forces to integrate (bring together all races). He did this to attempt to prevent further racial discrimination in the military. Though he did give an Executive Order for the forces to be integrated, it did not actually happen until after the Cold War. -
Brown Faces the Board of Education
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Oliver Brown sued the Topeka Board of Education when his daughter, Linda Brown, was declined enrollment in a white school located closer to her house than the black school. Getting support from the NAACP, his case eventually went to the Supreme Court. After a three year court case, Brown won. This overturned the ruling in the Plessy v. Ferguson case and made schools across America integrate. -
Rosa Parks Arrested for Bus Boycott
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Rosa Parks, a former NAACP member, was arrested for not letting a white bus rider take her seat when asked in Montgomery, Alabama. After her arrest, she received help from Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., who told other African Americans to boycott the bus system Rosa Parks had ridden. This boycott lead to a Supreme Court ruling in 1956 that ruled that the segregation on buses instituted by Alabama’s laws were unconstitutional. -
Georgia's Flag Changes
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In 1956, a Democratic politician named John Bell began to campaign for Georgia's flag to be changed to include the Confederate flag inside it. This new legislation quickly got through the Georgia government and was passed. The change was made to show that Georgia was willing to fight to keep Jim Crow Laws and other laws that benefitted whites instead of blacks in place. -
Little Rock Nine at Central High School
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In 1957, Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, was integrated. The "Little Rock Nine" was a group of nine black students that were refused entrance into the school because the Arkansas governor had ordered the National Guard to keep blacks out. In response, President Eisenhower gave all of the nine students personal guards. Eight of the nine students finished high school despite the attempts of whites to keep them out. -
Bombing at the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in Atlanta
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A Hebrew Temple located in Atlanta was bombed in 1958. Though there is no clear reason why the temple was bombed, it is thought that the temple was bombed because people were very racist to Jews in that day and time. Jews had recently been discouraged by the Leo Frank trial that had occurred, making the local synagogue an easy target. The suspected bomber, a man named George Bright, stood trial but faced no sentence. -
The Sibley Commission
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Georgia Governor Ernest Vandiver Jr. was forced to make a decision between integrating Georgia's public schools or dropping state funding for them. Because of this, the Sibley Commission was created. Their job was to gather the people's opinion about integration and bring it back to the governor. They found that most of the people did not favor integration. The Governor took their recommendation of keeping the schools mostly segregated. -
UGA is Integrated
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Judge Bootle gave the order that Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter, two non-white students, be admitted to UGA. Because of laws in Georgia that stopped state funding for any and all integrated schools, attempts were made to keep the students out. The students eventually were admitted to UGA, and the laws taking funding from integrated schools were repealed. -
Freedom Rides
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In Freedom Rides, whites and blacks would sit together on a bus and ride. This was sponsored by an organization called "CORE". The rides tried to see if discrimination on interstates was really illegal, as the Supreme Court had said. The group of whites and blacks riding in the first Freedom Ride received violence and protesting throughout several places they road through. However, Freedom Rides continued and were successful in the Upper South. -
The Albany Movement
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The Albany Movement was a series of protests that took place in Albany, Georgia. Charles Sherrod, a leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Comitee was a key leader in this movemen, as well as Dr. King. More than 750 arrests occured while people were protesting the segregation laws in Albany. In 1964, the city finally removed segregation in their city. -
Dr. King Protests in Birmingham, Alabma
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Dr. King, along with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, planned protests that would take place in Birmingham. These protests included boycotting white goods and services as well as rallies and sit-ins. Dr. King, along with hundreds of other protesters, were arrested and treated with unfair police violence. -
March on Washington D.C.
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This famous march was sponsored by many civil rights organizations such as the NAACP. However, the most famous person in this March was Martin Luther King Jr. He delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech during this march. It is estimated that 200,000 people attended the march. Because of this march, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed along with the Voting Rights Act of 1965. -
16th Street Baptist Church is Bombed by the KKK
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This Baptist Church was bombed in Birmingham, Alabama by the KKK, killing four young girls, and injuring 20 others. It is suspected that the church was bombed because of its central location in Birmingham and because several meetings were held in the building, which attracted the attention of civil rights leader like Dr. King. Two bombers, Robert Chambliss, and Bobby Cherry were arrested. -
JFK Assassinated
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President Kennedy was shot and killed in Dallas, Texas. A man named Lee Oswald was arrested, accused of murdering Kennedy and shot on television. Lyndon Johnson, the new president, signed an order making a commission called the "Warren Commission", whose job was to investigate the president's death. They found and announced that Oswald alone had murdered Kennedy. Many conspiracy theories still remain to this day. -
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is Passed
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In 1963, President Kennedy urged America to fight for equal rights for every single American despite the way that they may look because of their race. Though he was assassinated shortly after this address, his ideas were made into law by Lyndon Johnson after his death. In short, this bill made discrimination by race illegal. By doing this, segregation of all public places was also made illegal. It also made discrimination while employing illegal. -
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is Passed.
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This act, signed into law by President Johnson, gave equal rights for all to vote. This act was passed because of violence that had broken out across the country due to the issue of voting rights. In order to do this, things like poll taxes and literacy tests were declared unconstitutional. By the end of 1965, over 250,000 new black voters had registered to vote. -
Summerhill Race Riot
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A race riot occurred in Summerhill, a neighborhood in Atlanta when a suspected African-American car thief was shot while escaping from a white cop. Over 100 people were arrested, including Stokley Carmichael, the leader of the SNCC. He was arrested for starting the riot. -
MLK is Assassinated
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Dr. King was murdered in Memphis, Tennessee, by a man named James Ray while helping a march of striking workers. The one shot fired hit his face, leaving him wounded. He died an hour later. Several riots broke out all over the county because of his death. His funeral was held in Atlanta. -
Georgia Integrates All Schools
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Integration of Georgia's school started with the Brown vs. Board of Education ruling. However, many attempts were made to slow down integration. In order to force schools to integrate, a court order was given in 1970. All Georgia schools were integrated. Some violence and protests did occur, but most school directors tried to integrate schools as peacefully as possible.
