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In the United States, the Black Codes were laws passed by Southern states in 1865 and 1866, after the Civil War.
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were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States.
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was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities
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Thurgood Marshall was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
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American politician who served as the Governor of Arkansas, serving from 1955 to 1967
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United States civil rights leader who refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man in Montgomery
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was a Mexican-American physician, surgeon, World War II veteran, civil rights advocate, and founder of the American G.I. Forum.
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was an American politician who was the 75th Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia from 1967 to 1971.
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American politician and the 45th Governor of Alabama, having served two nonconsecutive terms and two consecutive terms as a Democrat.
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American farm worker, labor leader and civil rights activist.
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An African-American clergyman and political leader of the twentieth century
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the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power.
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the practice of achieving goals through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, without using violence.
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The Court ruled that segregation in public schools is prohibited by the Constitution.
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is the process of ending the separation of two groups usually referring to races.
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a seminal event in the U.S. Civil Rights Movement, was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system
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The Greensboro sit-ins at a Woolworth's in Greensboro, North Carolina, on February 1, 1960, launched a wave of anti-segregation sit-ins across the South and opened a national awareness of the depth of segregation in the nation.
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Sharecropping is a system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land.
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especially by hanging, for an alleged offense with or without a legal trial.