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the compromise of 1850 was proposed by henry clay. the compromise kept slave states and free states equal.
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Stephen A douglas proposed that both free and slave states should have the choice to be free or slave. this caused tension and mistrust between the north and south.
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the pro and anti slavery groups armed themselves and fought for control
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slaves were considered property nor were they considered citizens of the US. this infuriated northerner while it pleased the southerners, creating an even bigger divide.
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lincoln challenged douglas to a series of debates before the election. lincoln believed that you had to make the effort for things to change while douglas believed that "unity" would solve the problem
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preston brooks assaulted charles sumner because he previously attacked a relative of preston brooks
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the goal of the raid was to spark a slave uprise, , john brown died, and it was taken very hard by the abolitionists.
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lincoln opposed slavery, he knew he needed to cut slavery off from the territories which would not be easy. he won the election.