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Bureau of Indian Affairs
Is responsible for administration and management of 55,700,000 acres of land held in trust by the U.S. for the Native Americans. -
Indian Removal Act
Authorized the president to negotiate with Indian tribes in the Southern United States for their removal to federal territory. -
Indian Appropriations Act
Allocated funds to move western tribes onto reservations. -
Homested Act
Anyone who had never taken up arms against the U.S. government (including freed slaves and women), was 21 years or older, or the head of a family, could file an application to claim a federal land grant. -
Little Crow’s War
Armed conflict between the United States and several bands of the eastern Sioux. -
Bear River Massacre
The United States Army attacked Shoshone gathered at the confluence of the Bear River and Beaver Creek. -
Cheyenne Uprising
Faced with starvation, the Indians began to attack wagon trains and steal food. -
Sand Creek Massacre
700 men of the Colorado Territory militia destroyed the village of Cheyenne and Arapho. Killing an estimated 70 to 163 indians. -
Cattle Drives
20 million cattle were herded from Texas to railheads in Kansas for shipments to stockyards in Chicago and points east. -
Red Cloud’s War
The war was fought over control of the Powder River Country in north-central Wyoming. -
Fetterman Massacre
At the time it was the worst military disaster ever suffered by the U.S. on the Great Plains. -
Fort Laramie Treaty
Guaranteed the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills, and further land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. -
Completion of Trans-Cont R.R.
With the ceremonial driving of the "Last Spike" with a silver hammer at Promontory Summit, the road established a mechanized transcontinental transportation network -
Camp Grant, AZ Apache massacre
Was an attack on Pinal and Aravaipa Apaches who surrendered to the United States Army at Camp Grant, Arizona, along the San Pedro River. -
The Lakota War
Was a series of battles and negotiations which occurred between 1876 and 1877 involving the Lakota Sioux and Northern Cheyenne against the United States. -
Battle of Little Bighorn
The Indian's last effort to preserve their way of life. -
“dead man’s hand”
The ace of clubs; the two black eights, clubs and spades, and the queen of hearts with a small drop of Hickock's blood on it. -
Desert Land Act
To encourage and promote the economic development of the arid and semiarid public lands of the Western states. -
Capture of Nez Perce
Chief Joseph formally surrenderd his forces, effectively ending the Nez Perce war. -
Pratt Boarding School
The first all Indian school. -
A Century of Dishonor by Helen Hunt Jackson
Told how the federal government forcibly removed his tribe from its ancestral homeland in the wake of the creation of the Great Sioux Reservation. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
It was one of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in US history, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers. -
Bill Cody’s “Wild West Show”
Launched a genre of outdoor entertainment that thrived for three decades and survived for almost three more. -
Capture of Geronimo
The Apaches were exhausted and outnumbered. Geronimo surrenered, making him the last warrior to give in to the U.S. -
Dawes Act
Allowed the president to survey and divide tribal land into allotments for individual Indians. -
Edmunds-Tucker Act
Focused on restricting some practices of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. -
wounded Knee Massacre
The final battle between the federal troops and Sioux Indians. About 150 to 200 Indians were killed. -
Forest Reserve Act
Law that allowed the President of the United States to set aside forest reserves from the land in the public domain. -
Turner Thesis
The argument advanced by historian Frederick Jackson Turner, that American democracy was formed by the American frontier. -
Carey Act
Allowed private companies in the U.S. to erect irrigation systems in the western semi-arid states, and profit from the sales of water.
