-
106
The Rise of Arab
The Romans extended their authority to the Arabian peninsula, transforming it into a province of their growing empire. The region was inhabited primarily by the Bedouin Arabs, nomadic peoples who came originally from the northern part of the peninsula. -
Period: 500 to Jan 1, 600
The economic of Arab
The econimic importance of the Arabian peninsula began to increase. -
570
The first part of Muhammad
Muhammad was born in Mecca to a merchant family and orphaned at the age of six. Muhammad grew up to become a caravan manager and married a rch widow, Khadija. For several years he lived in Mecca as a merchant. -
Period: 570 to Jan 1, 632
The Life of Muhammad
The most important man in the ancient time. -
Jan 1, 610
Muhammad and his first revelation
The first revelation Muhammad's first revelation was on the mountain called Jabal an-Nour, near Mecca, it was the Arch-angel Gabriel revealed to him a verse from the Quran. -
Jan 1, 622
Muhammad's journey
Muhammad and some of his closest supporters left the city and retreated north to the rival city of Yathrib(later renamed Medina). This flight, known in history as the Hegira, marks the first date on the official calendar of Islam. At the city he formed the first Muslim community(the umma). -
Jan 1, 630
The visit to the Ka'aba
Muhammad made a symbolic visit to the Ka'aba, he declared it a sacred shrine of Islam and ordered the destruction of the idols of the traditional faith. -
Jan 11, 630
The Conquest of Mecca
The Conquest Of MeccaMuhammad conquered Mecca and converted the townspeople to the new faith. -
Jan 1, 632
The death of Muhammad
Muhammad died, and the spread of Islam was just began throughtout the peninsula. -
Jan 1, 632
The developing of Shari'a
After the death of Muhammad, Muslim scholars, known as the ulama, drew up a law code, called the Shari'a, to provide believers with a set of prescriptions to regulate their daily lives. -
Jan 1, 632
The successor after Muhammad
Shortly after Muhammad's death, a number of his closest folllowers selected Abu Bakr as caliph(successor). -
Period: Jan 1, 636 to Jan 1, 640
The conquest of Byzantine
In 636,the Muslims defeated the Byzantine army at the Yarmuk River, north of the Dead Sea. In 640, Muslims took possession of the Byzantine province of Syria. -
Period: Jan 1, 637 to Jan 1, 650
The conquest from Arab
In 637, the Arabs defeated a Persian force.
In 650, the Arabs conquer the entire empire of the Sassanids.
In the meantime, Egypt and other areas of North Africa were also brought under Arab authority. -
Jan 1, 656
The successors
After Abu Bakr's death, the office was passed to Umar, another of Muhammad's followers. In 656, Umar's successor, Uthman, was assassinated, and Ali, who fortuitously happened to be in Medina at that time, was selected for the position. -
Jan 1, 661
The Umayyads
Ali was assassinated, and Mu'awiya, the governor of Syria and one of Ali's chief rivals, replaced Ali in office. He made the caliphate hereditary in his own family called the Umayyads, who were a branch of the Quraishi clan. The new caliphate, with its new capital at Damascus, remained in power for nearly a century. -
Jan 1, 700
The wars in early eight century
New attacks were launched at both the western and the eastern ends of the Mediterranean world. Arab armies advanced across North Africa and conquered the Berbers. Muslim fleets seized several islands in the eastern Mediterranean. -
Jan 1, 725
The result of the conquest
Most of the Iberian peninsula had become a Muslim state with its center in Andalusia. -
Jan 1, 750
The overthrow of the Umayyads
A revolt led by Abu al-Abbas, a descendant of Muhammad's uncle, led to the overthrow of the Abbasid dynasty in what is now Iraq. -
Period: Jan 1, 750 to Jan 1, 1258
The Abbasid dynasty
Developed by Abu al-Abbas. The Abbasid calipgs brought political, economic, and cultural change to the world of Islam. -
Jan 1, 762
The new capital of the Abbadis dynasty
The Abbasids built a new capital city at Baghdad, on the Tigris River far to the east of the Umayyad capital at Damascus. -
Jan 1, 1055
The Seljuk Turks
In the eleventh centuey, the Seljuk Turks converted to Islam and flourished as military mercenaries for the Abbasid caliphate, made serious threat to the Abbasid caliphate. In 1055, a Tutkish leader captured Baghdad and assumed command of the empire with the title of sultan. -
Jan 1, 1071
The war between Byzantines and Turks
Byzantines foolishly challenged the Turks, their army was routed at Manzikert, near Lake Van in eastern Turkey, and the victors took over most of the Anatolian peninsula. -
Jan 1, 1169
The end of the Fatimid dynasty
Sunni Muslims under the leadership of Saladin, vizier to the last Fatimid caliph, brought an end to the Fatimid dynasty.Saladin succeeded in establishing his control over both Egypt and Syria, thereby confronting the Christian states in the area with united Muslim power on two fronts. -
Apr 4, 1187
The army by Saladin
Saladin's army invaded the Kingdom of Jerusalem and destroyed the Chrishian forces concentrated there. -
Apr 4, 1258
The end of the caliphate
Under the leadership of Hulegu, they seized Persia and Mesopotamia, bringing an end to the caliphate at Baghdad. -
Apr 4, 1453
The end of the Byzantine dynasty
Sultan Mehmet II seized Constantinople and brought an end to the Byzantine dynasty. -
The links
The text sorces:
“Conquest of Mecca” en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conquest_of_Mecca
“Muhammad” en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad
The Picture sorces:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ModernEgypt,_Muhammad_Ali_by_Auguste_Couder,_BAP_17996.jpg http://kaweah.com/blog/2008/06/19/the-trinity-of-islam/ -
The Shi'ite new dynasty
A new Shi'ite dunasty under the Fatimids was established in Egypt with Its capital at Cairo. -
Period: to
Reign of Harun al-Rashid
-
Period: to Jan 1, 1031
Ummayad caliphate inSpain
