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The first technological tools were people's mouths and some Pictographs. These were only to transfer a limited amount of information to the next generation. Transfer of information through oral ways was dominant. -
During this period, the information and know-how knowledge were passed on to the next generations through folklore, legends, and historical stories. People like Meddah in our cultures and ancient age historians narrated stories about history, how to make things, and traditions. Moreover, this period is still active in some aboriginal tribes and communities.
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A lot of different materials were used before the invention of paper. Some of them are stone clay, tree bark, metal sheet, clay tablets, wax tablets, and papyrus. These tools helped people to conserve information and teach it easily to the next generations. -
In ancient Greece, philosophers created the first classroom-alike learning environments and contributed to educational technologies. -
Johannes Gutenberg invented the printed machine technology and this machine became the main supporter for the spread of school all across the Europe and made education easier. -
In this time period, people got used to sharing ideas, traditions, and knowledge via written sources like books, newspapers, journals, or articles. The most essential benefactor of this advance was an invention that was created by Johannes Gutenberg. Thanks to printing technology, the dominance of the Vatican Church in sharing and producing information was impaired. People all around Europe had a chance to achieve knowledge by themselves. Eventually, this led to an infinite number of inventions.
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Jan Amos Comenius created the first modern-style lesson book for students who study Latin language and science. -
This machine made it possible to duplicate class materials and made them accessible to more students. -
The history of educational technology with electronic devices started with educational films (1900's) or Sidney Pressey's mechanical teaching machines in the 1920'. -
Thanks to advancements in radio and broadcasting technology, it became possible to use other tools like radio, or televisions and they ended the requirement to use printed sources. Also, big media corporations like BBC organized some instructional courses to support education by using special radio programs. Moreover, since the cost to record a video had become affordable, a new system called lecture capture was invented. This system provides already recorded videos by teachers to the students.
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The British Broadcasting Corporation used radio waves for educational purposes for the first time in history. Also, the first adult education radio broadcast from the BBC was a talk about Insects in 1924. -
In 1960, mimeographs and spirit duplicators were placed with modern photocopiers and offset printers. -
Television was used for the first time in history for educational purposes to aid students with both visual and auditory content simultaneously in classrooms. -
During this ongoing time, the world has witnessed a lot of changes. And most primary change has occurred in technology. Because of the prevalence of personal computers, easy access to the internet, and providing freedom to both learner and teacher, computer-based teaching gained great importance. During this period, students can have access to an infinite number of sources from the internet while the teacher can present the lesson in numerous ways thanks to the internet.
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Apple One became the first computer ever used in the classroom. -
Murray Turoff and Roxanne Hiltz at the New Jersey Institute of Technology combined classroom teaching with online discussion forums, and termed this ‘computer-mediated communication and started a new era in education. -
Even if overhead projectors were invented, it did not take much time for them to be relaced with slide projectors. Gradually, slide projectors were replaced with today's LCD projectors. -
The WWW. application was officially launched and enabled users to create websites, blogs, documents, links, and a lot of different tools. Also, WWW. made it possible to create learning management systems tools. -
"LMSs provide an online teaching environment, where content can be loaded and organized, as well as providing ‘spaces’ for learning objectives, student activities, assignment questions, and discussion forums" (Bates, p. 220)
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A new type of online course system named Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) has become dominant all over the world. These systems give students and learners a chance to learn by themselves independently from universities and schools. Especially during Covid 19 pandemic, MOOC tools like Udemy have earned great importance and taken over some of the responsibility to teach people.
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These systems include recording teachers during lessons so that students could repeat the lessons by watching the recordings. -
Bates, T. (2016). Teaching in a Digital age: Guidelines for designing teaching and learning. SFU Document Solutions. Retrieved 2022, from https://opentextbc.ca/teachinginadigitalage/.
https://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Educational_technology
YouTube. (2011). The history of technology in education. YouTube. Retrieved October 23, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UFwWWsz_X9s.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oT-df_zdnfI -
In addition to this, tools and applications that can be used to promote teaching have been produced and are still being produced by developers. Creating online classroom environments, making content accessible to everyone who has an internet connection, and promoting both teachers and learners to use their creativity, this period has contributed to humankind in a variety of ways and improved education greatly in most part of the world. -
