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History Timeline

  • Henry, king of Portugal, founded the Navigation school.
    1419

    Henry, king of Portugal, founded the Navigation school.

    Prince Henry's school of navigation resulted in a breakthrough for Portuguese navigation.
  • The invention of Gutenberg,s printing press
    1436

    The invention of Gutenberg,s printing press

    Gutenberg invented the movable-type printing press, which started the Printing Revolution.
  • The Fall of Constantinople
    May 29, 1453

    The Fall of Constantinople

  • The Discovery of America
    Oct 12, 1492

    The Discovery of America

  • Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas
    1494

    Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas

    The governments of Spain and Portugal agreed to the Treaty of Tordesillas, named for the city in Spain in which it was created.
  • Ponce de Leon discovers Florida
    1513

    Ponce de Leon discovers Florida

    Ponce de León decided to invest much of his earnings in exploring the lands north of Puerto Rico and arrived in Florida.
  • Martin Luther begins the Reformation in Wittenberg
    1517

    Martin Luther begins the Reformation in Wittenberg

    Marín Luther published a document he called Disputation on the Power of Indulgences, or 95 Theses.
  • Martin Luther posts the 95 Theses
    1517

    Martin Luther posts the 95 Theses

    95 Theses against papal indulgences, or the atonement of sins through monetary payment, on the door of the church at Wittenberg in Germany.
  • Cortes conquers Aztec Empire
    1521

    Cortes conquers Aztec Empire

    Hernán Cortés was a Spanish conqueror, who is remembered for conquering the Aztec Empire claiming Mexico for Spain.
  • Pope excommunicated Luther
    1521

    Pope excommunicated Luther

    Pope Leo X issues the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem, which excommunicates Martin Luther from the Catholic Church.
  • Pizarro conquers Inca Empire
    1533

    Pizarro conquers Inca Empire

    Pizarro's victory at Cajamarca, that effectively marked the end of the Inca Empire and the beginning of the European colonization of South America.
  • Henry VIII seeks to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon
    1533

    Henry VIII seeks to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon

    Driven by lust, Henry sought to seek an annulment from his first wife Catherine.
  • Parliament approves the formation of the English Church (Act of Supremacy)
    1534

    Parliament approves the formation of the English Church (Act of Supremacy)

    The Act of Supremacy defined the right of Henry VIII to be supreme head on earth of the Church of England.
  • English king, Henry VIII starts the Church of England
    1534

    English king, Henry VIII starts the Church of England

    Henry VIII created the Church of England as a religious body unique from the Roman Catholic Church in order to achieve his goal of divorcing his first wife
  • Ignatius Loyola founds the Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
    1534

    Ignatius Loyola founds the Society of Jesus (Jesuits)

    The first Jesuits–Ignatius and six of his students–took vows of poverty and chastity and made plans to work for the conversion of Muslims.
  • John Calvin publishes the Institutes of the Christian Religion
    1536

    John Calvin publishes the Institutes of the Christian Religion

    His book is considered a defining book of the Reformation and a pillar of Protestant theology.
  • Pope Paul III begins the Council of Trent
    1537

    Pope Paul III begins the Council of Trent

    The Council of Trent was a general council of Christendom which gathered to resolve the religious differences created by the Protestant revolt.
  • Coronado discovers Arizona, Texas, Kansas and New Mexico
    1540

    Coronado discovers Arizona, Texas, Kansas and New Mexico

    Coronado led a major Spanish expedition up Mexico's western coast and into the region that is now the southwestern United States.
  • Council of Trento mandates reforms in Catholic Church
    1545

    Council of Trento mandates reforms in Catholic Church

    The Council of Trent reaffirmed the authority and centrality of the Catholic Church, established seminaries for a better-educated clergy, and condemned the Protestant Reformation as heresy.
  • Peace of Augsburg recognizes the Lutheran Church
    1555

    Peace of Augsburg recognizes the Lutheran Church

    It was the first permanent legal basis for the coexistence of Lutheranism and Catholicism in Germany,
  • Thomas Newcomen’s steam engine

    Thomas Newcomen’s steam engine

    It was the first machine to be powered by steam and was largely used to pump water out of mines.
  • Seven Years´ War

    Seven Years´ War

    It was a global conflict that involved most of the European great powers.
  • James Hargreaves spinning jenny

    James Hargreaves spinning jenny

    It is a multi-spindle spinning frame, it was one of the key developments in the industrialization of textile during the Industrial Revolution.
  • James Watt’s steam engine

    James Watt’s steam engine

    It was of a device to reduce the amount of waste produced by the Newcomen steam engine.
  • Abraham Darby’s blast furnace

    Abraham Darby’s blast furnace

    It was used coke instead of charcoal to generate higher temperatures.
  • Boston Tea Party

    Boston Tea Party

    It was an act of protest in which a group of American settlers dumped crates of tea into Boston Harbor.
  • First Continental Congress

    First Continental Congress

    It was a meeting of delegates from the British colonies.
  • Battle of Concord and Lexington

    Battle of Concord and Lexington

    The Battles of Concord and Lexington were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War.
  • Second Continental Congress

    Second Continental Congress

    The Second Continental Congress was a late-18th-century meeting of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that united in support of the American Revolutionary War.
  • USA Declaration of Independence

    USA Declaration of Independence

    The Declaration of Independence is the founding document. This announced the separation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain.
  • George Washington crosses the Delaware

    George Washington crosses the Delaware

    During the American Revolutionary War, was the first move in a surprise attack organized by George Washington against Hessian forces.
  • Saratoga Battle

    Saratoga Battle

    It was one of the most important wars fought during the American Revolutionary War.
  • French Treaty of Alliance

    French Treaty of Alliance

    Through the alliance between Spain and France, as part of its conflict with Britain, Spain declared war on Britain as an ally of France, itself an ally of the American colonies.
  • Samuel Crompton’s spinning mule

    Samuel Crompton’s spinning mule

    This permitted large-scale manufacture of high-quality thread and yarn.
  • British surrendered in Yorktown

    British surrendered in Yorktown

    The British General Charles Cornwalllis surrendered his army to The General George Washington giving up the chances to win the Revolutionary War.
  • Edmund Cratwright’s crude power loom

    Edmund Cratwright’s crude power loom

    This invention was significant because it used mechanization to automate much of the weaving process.
  • Henry Cort’s metod

    Henry Cort’s metod

    His invention was one of the most important iron-making processes of the Industrial Revolution. It was a new method of transforming cast iron into the more versatile and valuable material.
  • The French Revolution

    The French Revolution

  • Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin

    Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin

    It was a machine that revolutionized the production of cotton by greatly speeding up the process.
  • Nicolas Appert’s invention

    Nicolas Appert’s invention

    He invented the method of preserving food by enclosing it in hermetically sealed containers.
  • Richard Trevithick’s invention

    Richard Trevithick’s invention

    He built the first-ever steam locomotive to run along a track. The improvements Trevithick made in the design and construction of boilers.
  • R. Fulton‘s steam boat

    R. Fulton‘s steam boat

    He and Robert R. Livingston built the first commercially successful steamboat, it was named North River Steamboat. This helped to power the Industrial Revolution by moving goods and people.