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White Primary Abolilshed in Georgia
info from sameThe White Primary was used in the South to keep the blacks from voting. The balcks could vote in the general election but not in the primary because nothing in the Constitution said they could. They then banned blacks from he primaries. In the King v. Chapman case the Supreme court ruled the banning of the blacks unconstitutional. That year was the first time blacks could vote in the primary. -
info link for integration of the armed forces
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Integration of the Armed Forces
Easter Eggs for HitlerOn July 26, 1948, President Harry S. Truman signed Executive Order 9981 that said everyone in the armed forces would be treated equally. There were threats from people before hand like Phillip A. Randolph who said if they were not treated equally African-American citizens would resist the draft law. -
Brown vs Board of Education
info linkOliver Brown, the father of a third-grade girl, tried to enroll his daughter into a white school because it was closer to home and safer to get to. When he did so, the principal turned the girl down. So Brown went to the local branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (also known as the NAACP) for help. The NAACP helped the Browns and many other black paerents got onboard with the idea. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of EducationThe NAACP was requested that it be against the rules to segregate Topeka's public schools. The NAACP said it made blacks feel inferior to whites and they got less of and education so it was not equal. The Board of Education's defense was that if they segregated the schools it would prepare them for segregation later in life. On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court ruled that the segregation was not equal and made public schools around the nation integrate. -
Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
info linkRosa Parks, a local seamstress in Montgomery, was sitting in her seat on the bus when a white man told her to get up. She would not move. In the South at the time in was a rule that black people had to sit in the back of the bus and stand up for a white person to sit down if there are no other seats. She would not stand up for the white person so he called the police and Rosa was arrested. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. called a bunch of people to his church feeling some kind of protest was needed. -
Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
info form sameStarting December 5, blacks refused to ride the buses in Montgomery. Ones with cars picked up friends and hitch hikers, and others walked. The whites started arresting blacks standing on street corners looking for a ride for loitering and the ones that picked them up were arrested for picking up hitch hikers. Over a year later, the Supreme Court ruled that buses could no longer be segregated and the boycotts ended. -
Change to Georgia's State Flag
Georgia State Flag In 1955, Willis Harden, Jefferson Lee Davis, and John Sammons Bell started a movement to change the stripes on the original Georgia flag to the Confederate Flag. This coincidentally happened at the same time as Brown v. Board of Education even though the senators and attorney said it was to mark the centennial of the Civil War. The flag got changed after the General Assembly voted it in. -
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Crisis at Central High School and the“Little Rock Nine”
Little Rock NineAfter the Brown v. Board of Education case, the Supreme Court ruled that all public schools integrate. Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas resisted and put out a statement that basically said, "As soon as there is an organized plan to do this we will do it." In 1957, nine black students tried to enter through the side doors of Central High School. They were known as the "Little Rock Nine". -
Crisis at Central High School and the“Little Rock Nine”
info linkThe Supreme Court judge told Arkansas to stop bothering with the integration and told him to get rid of the National Guard that he had brought to control white riots. He removed the National Guard and left the police to control the mob. He asked President Eisenhower for help and the President sent in the Army's 101st airborne division to federalize the National Guard and area. On September 25, -
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Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in Atlanta Bombed
bombing50 sticks of dynamite were exploded in the first Jewish temple in Georgia. No one was hurt and the sanctuary had little damage. Other parts of the building had a lot of damage. It was thought to be a target because Jacob Rothschild, a rabbi, tried to critique segregation. George Bright was tried for this crime but was found innocent and let go. This bombing shook not just the Jewish people in Atlanta but the whole city, and Atlanta was no longer known as "The City too Busy to Hate". -
Sibley Commission
SibleyGovernor Ernest Vandiver Jr. had to decide to either integrate public schools or close them. He then decided to put together a group of people to poll the Georgia people on if they would rather close the schools or integrate them. The governor decided to send John Sibley to lead the group of men. They found out 60 percent of the people preferred for the schools to stay completely segregated. -
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Integration of the University of Georgia
UGA A federal judge tried to enroll two black students into UGA. Their names were Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter. The governor did not try to shut down the school rather than admit the student even though he promised that he would not let the schools integrate. The two students were then admitted and were the first black students to attend Georgia after 160 years of segregation. -
info link for integration of the University of Georgia
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Freedom Rides
pic linkA group of blacks and whites left Washington D.C. They sat on the bus blacks in the front whites in the back. They wanted to protest the segregation of buses. When they got to Alabama, they split into two groups. A group went to Anniston and met a mob of people who stoned the bus and slashed the tires. When the bus stopped to get fixed it was firebombed. The other group went through Birmingham and the riders were beaten. -
info link for the freedom rides
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Albany Movement
<a href='https://forsyth.angellearning.com/section/content/default.asp?WCI=pgDisplay&WCU=CRSCNT&ENTRY_ID=C3DCB68F232A4DB28C53F53011E5DFF3' >info and picture< In Albany, Georgia, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) started a voter registration drive. They tried to get black high school students and other blacks to challenge the segregation laws and try to vote. The movement actually started when William G. Anderson was elected their president and they started protesting. -
Albany Movement
500 protestors had been sent to jail by December. They then asked MLK Jr. to come and help to keep the movement going. That December, Martin Luther King Jr. spoke at a mass meeting, went on a march, and he was sent to jail. He took bail from the white community thinking they would compromise when they really hadn't. He brought the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) meeting there to plan the protests. He did not change anything in Albany in the end, after most of them were jailed. -
Birmingham, AL protests
They eventually agreed to remove all the "whites only" and "blacks only" signs and to release all the prisoners. Info link: http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/ -
Birmingham, AL Protests
pic linkpic linkMLK Jr., the SCLC, and Birmingham's existing protestors joined together to protest the segregation there. They did this by not buying things from the merchants on Easter, the second highest shopping season there, and put pressure on the stores and owners. They also had sit-ins, mass meetings, marches on the City Hall, and nonviolence protests. -
Medgar Evers' Assassination
link for bothEvers was a civil rights activist in Mississippi. he was shot in the back when he got out of his car when he got home from his NAACP meeting with a shirt on that said "Jim Crow must go." Bryon De La Beckwith was the man who murdered him. He was buried in Arlington National Cemetery. He was targeted because of his civil rights activity and when he died he inspired movements. -
March on Washington DC
link for both A quarter of a million people made a nonviolent march in Washington DC. It was a calm march because there was not much fighting and the police were unnecessary. MLK made his famous "I have a Dream" speech here as well. There were also many musical performances. They marched for jobs and freedom. They later met with JFK and Lyndon Johnson. This later led to the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act. -
16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham bombed
link for bothThe Ku Klux Klan bombed the church because it was a place for a lot of MLK's marches. Four girls were killed by this bomb. Their names were Denise McNair, Addie Mae Collins, Cynthia Wesley, and Carole Robertson. Their deaths were mourned. -
John F. Kennedy Assassinated
link for both JFK was assassinated while riding in a car through Dealy Plaza which is in downtown Dallas, Texas. The President was shot in the head and neck and the governor was also hit. JFK died but the governor survived. The shots were fired out of the Texas School Book Depository and Lee Harvey Oswald was convicted for the crime. -
Civil Rights Act Passed
pic link The act said that segregation was now illegal and that in the South, public places could no longer be that way. An Equal Employment Commission was also put in place to not fund segregated schools. Also, businesses had to have a pro-civil rights charter or they would not get funding. This was signed by Lyndon B. Johnson. info link: http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/1964_civil_rights_act.htm -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Link for BothThe voting rights act is the act that bans racial discrimination in voting practices. It was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson after blacks and Latinos were denied voting by the whites. -
Summerhill Race Riot
pic linkIn Summerhill, GA there was a four day riot because blacks accused whites of police brutality. One person died and twenty people were injured. It showed how the lower income blacks actually lived and how they were getting frustrated.
info link-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summerhill_(Atlanta) -
MLK assassinated
pic linkHe was assassinated at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. He was killed by James Earl Ray. MLK was only 39 at the time. Ray was sentenced to 99 years in prison and he died there.
info link-http://www.maryferrell.org/wiki/index.php/Martin_Luther_King_Assassination -
Integration of All Georgia Schools
pic linkBrown v. Board of Education started the integration of the Georgia schools. After many riots, protests, and movements, many of the schools became integrated. Eventually, by this time, all schools became integrated.
info-http://mgagnon.myweb.uga.edu/students/3090/04SP3090-Jordan.htm
