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The American Colonization proposed the idea of sending the slaves back to Africa and freeing them because many voiced their disapproval to the slave system.
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In 1820, the anti-slave setiment further provoked the North, because of the Missouri Compromise that allowed Missouri to become a slave state. The movement that began was more organized and immediate effort to end slavery than earlier campaigns.
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The Abolitionist movement officially emerged around 1830.
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Amos Dresser, a white student at Lane Theological Seminary was whipped in Nashville, Tennessee publicly for being in possession of abolitionist literature, when abolitionism was illegal in the South
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Elijah Lovejoy a abolitionist and newspaper editor was shot and killed during a raid, where pro-slavery mob attacked a warehouse in Alton, Illinois, who attempted to destroy the press materials for abolitionist
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Fugitive Slave Act, which was controversial, was passed by the Congress which they required all freed and escaped slaves to return to their previous owner and required for the American citizens to cooperate with the captures.
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Both of the pro-slavery and anit-slavery groups has inhabited the Kansas territory after the Kansas-Nebraska Act has passed in 1854
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In the town of Lawrence, which was founded by abolitionists from Massachusetts a pro-slavery group attacked, in which John brown, a abolitionist had a raid to attack back that killed five pro-slavery people.
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John Brown then led 21 men to capture the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia in 1859, where he and along with is followers were seized and convicted of treason by a group of Marines. He soon was hanged for the crime.
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By 1860, nearly 12,000 African Americans had returned to Africa.
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The Civil War broke out in 1861 as North and the South had a power stuggle that reached it's peak. Even when cautious about fully supporting of all ideas of the abolitionists, President Abraham Lincoln opposed slavery.
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Calling for the freeing of enslaved people in areas of the rebellion, Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation.
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The Constitution was ratified to include the Thirteenth Amendment, that officaily abolished all the forms of slavery in the United States in 1865