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Devon Wentworth
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The Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad started on 21 march, 1787. The Underground Railroad is a network of people, place, an routs in the north that led slaves to freedom in large cities, black communities, and Canada. When they were navigating through the south they used the North Star, Birds flying north, and the moose on the tree because it grew on the north side of the tree. If they did not escape they would fight their Masters by burning crops, damaging crops, taking tools, and acted out in force. -
The Underground Railroad
If they did escape they might have taken a train, boats, or wagons. If they were discovered missing they might have slave catchers or bounty hunters. The slaves would usually escape at night with some fair weather. The most common runaway slave was a young, single, male. When the slave catchers went out to get them they would have used dogs. The Ohio River was the place of freedom for slaves. Most of the slaves escaping would be from the upper south. -
The Underground Railroad
Slaves would get to a house or “Station” and would greet the the homeowner with a password that said “a friend with a friend”. The slaves would know if it was a safe house because the house would have a candle or a lantern on the window. The underground Railroad was most active during the Civil War. A act was passed that was called The Fugitive Slave Act. The act was meant for the help in recapturing the fugitive slave. This made the Abolitionist even more determined to get rid of slavery. -
The Underground Railroad
All most or more slaves that escaped the south was roughly 100,000 slaves. Abolitionist risked their lives in helping the slaves escape. One famous one is Harriet Tubman also known as “Moses”. She helped over 300 slaves and made 19 trips into the south to ge thet runaway slaves. Another one was John Rankin who helped 2000 slaves escape from the south. -
The Underground Railroad
He was proud of himself because he never lost a slave when he was helping. William still and Thomas Garrett were friends who never saw each other face to face but wrote to each other. Thomas Garrett would send slaves up to William Still for safe passage up to Canada. William still would document every slave he had in his care by writing down how they got there. The Underground Railroad lasted until the end of the Civil War on Dec 6, 1865. -
Missouri Compromise
On May 3rd 1820 congress pass the Missouri Compromise. Massouri wanted to become a state they already had enough people in there to become a state. But the government had already had an even number of free and slave states. But we got Main as well so they number evened again. They also created a line called the 36,30 line. You can't bring slaves above the line. Some people wanted to ban more slaves from going into Missouri Because it was above the 36,30 line. -
Missouri Compromise
You can't bring slaves above the line. Some people wanted to ban more slaves from going into Missouri Because it was above the 36,30 line. South was not happy that about the 36,36 and they thought they had the right to take their “property” anywhere they want. Henry Clay was the author of the Missouri compromise. The north got out of this compromise was one free state called Main and got huge chunk of land from the Louisiana Purchase. -
Missouri Crompomise
chunk of land from the Louisiana Purchase. The South got was Missouri as a slave state and more in the future. It also postponed the Civil War for a little bit and there was no blood shed over the compromise.http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/congress-passes-the-missouri-compromise -
William Still
. He recorded were they went and how did they get there. Also was known as the “Black Doctor of the Pines”. Also helped against discrimination in the North against the blacks. He did all this in Philadelphia, Pa where he lived. He had help from another Abolitionist named Thomas Garrett who sent slaves with a letter describing themselves to him and he would send them up to canada.http://biography.yourdictionary.com/william-still -
William Still
He also helped John Brown and his raid on the Harper Fairy by hidding his family until it was over. He had a lot of charges brought to him and one was from an ex slave he helped escape. He went to canada to visit the slaves he had helped there to see how they were doing. He created a orphanage for black children whose parents were in the military. Was known as the father of the Underground Railroad because he helped over 800 slaves escape and interviewed all of them. -
William Sill
William Still was born on oct. 7, 1821 in Shamong, Burlington New Jersey. He was a free black man with ex slave parents. When he was older he joined the Pa Society, Promoted Abolitionist of slavery, started as a janitor and made his way up the line. He took an interest into being a conductor so he committed to help runaway slaves. While helping slaves he discovered he had a brother who was a slave by Interviewing him like every other slave he did. Wrote a book called the “Underground Railroad”. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion pt. 2
Most of the slaves and Turner got tried and huge. A lawyer interviewed Turner and said that he said that is master was very kind and trusted him. The lawyer said he had no reason to rebel. The slave owners were terrified so they beat their slaves and and killed some of them. The government paid money to the slave owners who lost their slaves. After the rebellion life for the slaves were even harder than before because the slave owners didn't want another rebellion to happen. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
They did this to show that they are better than the their slaves. A little bit after the rebellion, the south came up with the black laws. Some of the laws said that blacks can't own property, guns, can't vote, and can’t be in congress, etc.. The Nat Turner Rebellion mad a lot of slave owners mad and scared so it became worst for the slaves on their plantations. -
Nat Turner Rebellion
Nat Turner led a 48 hour rebellion in virginia, southampton in 1831. The rebellion started at the Travis plantation with Nat Turner as it’s leader. 70 slaves joined the rebellion.Turner started the rebellion because he said that he saw visions and God wanted him too. The first plantation to be killed was the Travis plantation. They killed 60 plantation owners and their families. The virginia militia sent out 3000 troops to stop it. The militia caught Turner and the slaves and arrested them. Most -
Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 was about slavery in the new state of California. California had enough people to become a state because of the gold rush. So it applied for statehood. They didn't want slavery in the new state but the southerners wanted it to be slave because of the 36, 30 line. But the 36, 30 only applied to the Louisiana territory. A guy named Henry clay wanted to find a solution. He did the Missouri Compromise as well. -
Compromise of 1850
On January 29, 1850 Clay had a compromise for the government. Clay, Daniel Webster, John C. Calhoun, and Stephen Douglas all helped with the compromise. California got to be a free state. Washington DC banned the slave trading within it. Then there was a act passed called the fugitive slave act. -
Compromise of 1850
. The fugitive slave act was a act that made the citizens help in the recovery of fugitive slaves. If they didn't and were instead helping the fugitive slaves then they would have to pay a fine of 1000 or 6 months in jail. When the slave was caught he had a trial. The person who was doing the trial got paid $10 if he said guilty, $5 if the slave was found not guilty. The act mad abolitionist even more angry towards slavery. -
Compromise of 1850
The slaves in the north had it hard because the act forced the northerns to turn them in. After the act, the Underground railroad even more active than before the act. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
A guy named Stephen Douglass who was a Democratic politician who wanted chicago, Illinois to be connected with Railroad. He also wanted to run for President one day. He needed to southern supporters and also wanted chicago with the railroad. He needed Kansas and Nebraska to become states. But he new if he got them to be states they would come in as free states and he needed the southern votes and that would make the southers mad and not vote for him. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
So he came up with an act called Kansas-Nebraska act. It was passed on May 30, 1854 It would abolish the 36 30 line and let the two new states decide if they wanted to be free or slave. He wanted Popular Sovereignty to take place. Popular Sovereignty is when the most votes take all. He was hoping that the Northerners would not care because the land in the two states are not good for cotton so the southerns and the northerners would vote to be free states. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
He tried to make the southerns happy by abolishing the 36 30 line. But the northerns were very mad at the act and called Stephen Douglass a sell out to “The Slave Power”. Congress passed the bill and made the Kansas-Nebraska act into play. But because of the act there were northerns and southerns going to Kansas to vote. Because of Popular Sovereignty there was a invet called Bleeding Kansas.http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/kansas.htm -
Bleeding Kansas
Bleeding Kansas happened on May 21, 1856. On the date pro slavery people with help of a federal marshal attacked an anti slavery newspaper company. Bleeding kansas lasted the whole summer and was started because of the new act Kansas-Nebraska act. it was pro slavery against anti slavery people and a famous abolitionist known as John Brown led some attacks in Bleeding kansas. Attacks only happened in Kansas and in the summer. -
Bleeding Kansas
One attack was led by John Brown who killed 5 men with his sons in front of their families. He also led some other attacks but not all of them. Another attack was some pro slavery people burnt down the home of the governor who was an anti slavery. Another attack was when Charles Sumpter was giving a speech when Preston Brooks came up to him and beat him with a cane. Over 200 people died befor it ended. Franklin Pierce was president during the event. -
The Dred Scott Case
Dred Scott was a slave to an army doctor who took him from the slave state Missouri to the free territory’s Illinois and Wisconsin for 4 years. Dred Scott thought he should be free so he sued his owner to be be free because he was in free territory. On May 6, 1857 11 years after he wanted to sue the court ruled against Dred Scott. The court said that he couldn't sue because he was property and property can't sue. Also that people of african ancestry couldn’t be citizen and cannot sue in court., -
The Dred Scott Case
The court also said that the federal government couldn't say where you can and can't take you slaves. They said that the compromise of 1820 was unconstitutional. Many Northerners were outraged and influenced the election of Abraham Lincoln. After the court Dred Scott’s master’s son paid Scott's legal fees. His other son’s purchased dred scott and his wife. They were sent free and Dred Scott died 9 months. The Dred Scott case was one of the reasons for the Civil War. -
The raid on Harpers Ferry
On October 16, 1859 a guy named John Brown led a raid on a military arsenal in Virginia. He led a group of 22 men including 2 blacks. He wanted to get weapons to arm slaves to lead them down south and fight to end slavery. He thought he was God’s agent on earth. Him and his men took hostages including George Washington's Great Grandnephew. He wanted the slaves to rise up and join him but instead he got angry citizens. On a tuesday U.S troops came to the arsenal led by Robert E. Lee. -
The Raid on Harpers Ferry
They surrounded Brown's men and stormed the armory and killed half of them. Including two of Brown's son’s. They surrendered and Brown was convicted of Treason and sentenced to hang until dead. Before he died he wrote a note that said “I John Brown am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away, but with blood. At his hanging there were cadets from the Virginia military institute academy, led by Thomas J. Jackson. -
The Raid on Harpers Ferry
Also the president's assassin was there John Wilkes Booth who was a soldier at the time. John Brown was called the mettor by Harban Marvill. He was also called a martyr by the northerners and was called a terrorist by the southerns. In result of the raid tensions grew between the north and south because the north refused to have a leader who was a southern and the south didn't want a leader who was a northern. James Buchanan was president during the raid on Harpers Ferry. -
The Elction of 1860
The Presidential election was a battle against Lincoln, Stephen Douglas, John Breckinridge, John Bell. Lincoln was a republican, Douglas was a democrat, Breckinridge was a democrat, and Bell a republican. Lincoln was carrying the northern states and Ca and Or. Douglas was carrying Missouri and southern New Jersey. Breckinridge was carrying the south and Delaware and Maryland. Bell was carrying the border states. the people were looking on how their views were on slavery. -
The Elcection of 1860
. Lincoln and Bell were both moderate towards slavery. Douglass was in favour of slavery and supported popular sovereignty. Breckinridge was committed to aggressive policy to expand slavery in the new territories. lincoln had 40 percent popular vote while Douglas had 29 percent putting him in second. Breckinridge had 18 percent and Bell had 13 percent. Lincoln won on Nov. 6, 1860. After the election the south were mad because lincoln won with out any south vote. -
The Elcetion of 1860
The election was also the reason for the south to succeed. The people who wanted to succeed were called secessionist. They thought if they joined voluntarily then they could leave voluntarily. Carolina left on Dec 20, 1860 and in the next few weeks 6 other states left as well. The six states formed the Confederate states of america. They elect there Jefferson Davis as their president a former senator from the union. http://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1860
