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American History 1800's
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Nationlism
Nationalism us feeling of pride and loyalty to a nation. Henry Clay was a strong supporter of this. They tried to make a strong national economy so that people would believe in their country. American System is trying to make the national economy self-sustained and not depending on other countries. Henry Clay also wanted one unified form of currency. -
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Era of Good Feelings
The Era of Good Feelings is an era of good feelings, pride, and progress. There was more of an emphases of nationalism and they strengthen the power of the national government. The court said that the states government can’t interfere with the National Government. -
Adams-Onis Treaty
Also known as The Florida Treaty. Spain renounced all claims on Texas. This also changed the location of the border of the Louisiana Territory. John Quincy Adams signed the treaty as president. -
Sectionalism
Sectionalism is when different regions of the same country want different things. The south wanted there to be slaves and the North wanted there not to be slaves. There are 11 Free states and 11 slave states. Then Missouri wanted to come into the Union but they could not decide wither or not it should be free or a slave state. This was the big issue then -
McCulloch vs. Maryland
The second national bank was given a ten year charter. They were also giving a lot of power that the people did not want them to have. The southern states thought the bank would only help the rich people and not everyone. Maryland decided to add laws to reduce the power that the bank had. McCulloch was with the bank and said that he was not going to follow the rules. Maryland lost because the National Bank was constitutional so there was nothing they could do to stop it. -
Missouri Compromise
The Missouri Compromise was introduced by Henry Clay. There were three main points in this. Missouri would inter into the Union as a slave state. Then Maine would inter into the Union as a free state. This would keep the balance between the free and the slave states. Also it would limit how far north slave states can be. -
Monroe Doctrine
The Spanish colonies in South America were starting to revolt. This made the European powers angry and they wanted to secure there rule there. The Europeans also started to try to claim parts of America. The Monroe Doctrine was set in place then. The Monroe Doctrine was an American Policy that said Europeans could not interfere with American policies. -
Tariff of Abominations
This was the first issue that Andrew Jackson faced when he became president. Before he was president congress placed a high tariff or tax on imports. The northerners wanted this but the southern didn’t. The southerners said that this would hurt there economy and called it Tariff of Abominations. -
Jacksonian Democracy
Jacksonian Democracy is the beginning of Democracy. The first time that this was seen was the 1828 election. This was the year that Andrew Jackson was running. The Jacksonian Democracy is mostly the period of time that Democracy was expanding and developing. That party is still with us today. -
Spoils System
Andrew Jackson won the election in 1828. While he won with the popular not everyone wanted him to me president. He then did what is called the Spoils System. This is when you put certain people into offices because they supported you. Martin Van Buren was one of his closest supporters and he became part of the cabinet. -
States’ Rights Doctrine
The vice president was John C. Calhoun. He did not like the Tariff of Abominations. So he then wrote the States’ Rights Doctrine. This stated that the government could not favor one part of the country over the other. He thought that the Tariff of Abominations favored the North and harmed the South. -
Indian Removal Act
Andrew Jackson, as president, pressured congress to pass the Indian Removal Act. This Act is something that was all Andrew Jackson. This would move all Indians from the east of the Mississippi River to the west. Then the land could be settled or turned into farms. -
Bureau of Indian Affairs
To make sure that all of the Indians moved congress had to make the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Choctaw where the first Indians to get moved. Their government got abolished and they were forced to sign the treaty that gave away lots of there land. The officials involved did not provide enough food or water for the Indians and the road was really dangerous. -
Indian Territory
Many people supported the Indian removal. These people were glad that they had to move into the West. They claimed that it would reduce the arguments between settlers and the Native Americans. This was not what congress wanted though. -
Nullification Crisis
The north thought that the benefits should go to the people and if it got passed then it benefits the most of the people. The south did not like it and thought that the laws should benefit everyone. The division between the two sides was called Nullification Crisis. This was dividing the North and South even more. John C. Calhoun resigned from office the second term. -
Whig Party
In 1837 Andrew Jackson decided not to run for president. The Democrats decided to support the vice president Martin Van Buren. The party called the Wigs rose up to oppose the democrats. They believed in a weak president and a strong congress. They could not choose who to elect so they had four nominees. Martin Van Buren became president. -
Trail of Tears
The Trail of Tears is a trail that Indians had to go on. This trial was really dangerous. There was not enough food and a lot of people died. It was the Cherokee’s trail that was called the trail of tears because 18,000 of them died. Jackson broke his presidential oaths by doing this but the American people did not object. -
Alamo
The Texas actions was making the people in Santa Anna very angry. The local Texans build an army and fought the Mexican. The Alamo was an abandon place that became an important place in the Texas Revolution. Volunteers from America went down there to help support Texas. Texas lost because there numbers were too small and the prisoners were massacred later. -
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Oregon Trail
The Oregon Trail was a 2,000 mile long trail. It went from Independence, Missouri to the west. The trial was really treacherous. People went west in wagons. They were pulled by mules and oxen. Who ever made it had a good life. -
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Santa Fe Trail
This was a similar trail to the Oregon Trial. This lead to Sana Fe, Mexico instead of Oregon though. Americans would go there with furs and other things to trade. The trip went through lots of deserts and through perilous mountains. -
Manifest Destany
Manifest Destany basically meant that because the land is there that we can settle it to the Pacific Ocean. O’Sullivan coined the term later. They also said that God put the land there for them. This also was an issue because was the new land going to have slaves? That was the main issue. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
This Treaty ended the Mexican War. This also made Mexico turn over some of the northern territories to the US. We got present day California, Nevada, and Utah. It also went as far north as Wyoming. They also got what was North in the Rio Grande in Texas. The land was more than 500,000 square miles of land. -
California Gold Rush
A person named Sutter lived in California. He sent a carpenter named James Marshall to build him a sawmill near a river. When he reached in the water he found gold. They decided to keep it a secret so they could get the gold later. However a few days later a Native American worker found some gold and started yelling about it. Soon everyone knew
there was gold out in the west and everyone moved out in an attempt to go and get it. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sXoF1ajSJwc -
Donner Party
This was a group of people who set out to California. However, they got stuck is the Sierra Nevada Mountains during the winter. They were trying to find a short cut so they left the main road. They ended up getting lost along the way. A rescue party ended up finding the stranded group later. Out of the original 87 people, 42 died. -
Forty-Niners
Lots of people then wanted to go to the west for gold. In 1849 lots of people went out. They were called the forty niners. Everyone that went out didn’t always make money out of gold. Instead of that there were boom towns which meant people created town and got jobs necessary for the town. -
Gadsden Purchase
America wanted more land so they bought some land from Mexico. They spent $10 million. For that money US got Arizona and New Mexico. After this purchase the final border with Mexico was made. This is still the one we have today. This was bought so that when they made the American Railroad it would be completely on American soil.
