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Battle of Gonzales
This skirmish marked the start of the Texas Revolution. Texian settlers resisted Mexican forces who came to reclaim a small cannon, famously responding with a flag that read “Come and Take It.” (Texas Revolution, DPLA) -
Texas Declaration of Independence
Delegates at Washington-on-the-Brazos declared independence from Mexico, citing grievances like military occupation and lack of civil rights. -
Battle of the Alamo
After a 13-day siege, Mexican forces overran the Alamo, killing nearly all defenders. The loss became a rallying cry: “Remember the Alamo!” -
Goliad Massacre
Over 300 Texian prisoners under Colonel Fannin were executed by order of Santa Anna. The massacre shocked Texans and fueled anger against Mexico. -
Battle of San Jacinto
General Sam Houston led Texan forces to a surprise victory over Santa Anna’s army in 18 minutes. Santa Anna was captured the next day. -
Treaties of Velasco
Santa Anna signed peace treaties after his capture, agreeing to end hostilities and recognize Texas independence, though Mexico later rejected them. -
Sam Houston Inaugurated as President of the Republic
Sam Houston, a war hero and former Tennessee governor, became the first elected president of the Republic of Texas. -
Lamar became President
Mirabeau B. Lamar succeeded Houston and moved the capital to Austin. He opposed annexation and advocated military action against Native Americans. -
Jones is Inaugurated
Anson Jones took office as the last president of the Republic. He oversaw negotiations that led to U.S. annexation. -
Texas Annexed by the US
Texas officially became the 28th state of the United States. Many in Texas welcomed annexation for protection and economic growth.