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In the first Crusade four armies were formed from troops of different Western European regions. The four leaders where Raymond of Saint-Gilles, Godfrey of Bouillon, Hugh of Vermandois and Bohemond of Taranto. In May 1097, the Crusaders and their Byzantine allies attacked Nicea -
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. There were at least eight Crusades. https://www.britannica.com/question/How-many-Crusades-were-there-and-when-did-they-take-place
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusades#:~:text=The%20Crusades%20were%20a%20series,surrounding%20area%20from%20Islamic%20rule. -
Edessa was captured by the Seljuk general Zangi, governor of Mosul in 1144. This led to Christian authorities in the West to call for another Crusade, which was led by King Louis VII of France and King Conrad III of Germany in 1147. They were able to assemble an army of 50,00 crusaders, but were defeated by Damascus’ ruler and Zangi’s successor. -
Richard’s forces defeated those of Saladin in the battle of Arsuf the only true battle of the Third Crusade. The Crusade ended on September,1191, when Richard and Saladin signed a peace treaty that reestablished the Kingdom of Jerusalem. -
Acre which fell to the Muslim Mamluks and the last Crusade ended. Acre was one on the only Crusaders cities remaining.
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A Caffan Ship arrives in Sicily with the crew being barely alive. It kills half of the population and moves to Messina. Residents start leaving and star heading towards the mainland. -
A Caffa ships arrives in France docking in Marseille. The plague starts to spread really quickly through out the country. -
The Black Death was a devastating global epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe and Asia in the mid-1300s. The plague arrived in Europe in October 1347, when 12 ships from the Black Sea docked at the Sicilian port of Messina. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Death
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The plague cause and Anti-Semitic range around Europe against Jewish Communities. The first massacre's occurred in Provence where 40 Jews were killed.
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Scotland had been avoiding the plague, and hoped to take advantage of the English weakness. They were ready on the border waiting to start attacking to start the invasion when troops started getting infected.
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The Black death starts fading away thanks to quarantine efforts. About 25-50 million people died and the massacres' of 210 Jewish communities. -
Early Renaissance time period was the start of a cultural rebirth in Italy. It was a time in the history of most of Europe when the visual arts radically evolved from two-dimensions to three-dimensions, quite literally and figuratively.
Source: https://artincontext.org/early-renaissance/ -
In the 1400s and 1600s European nations began exploring the world. They discovered new routes to India, much of the Far East, and the Americas.
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The Medici family became the head of the city-state Florence. They had a major influence on the growth of the Italian Renaissance through their patronage of the arts and humanism. https://www.ducksters.com/history/renaissance/timeline_of_the_renaissance.php#:~:text=1400%20%2D%201500%20Early%20Renaissance&text=1450%20%2D%20Johannes%20Gutenberg%20invents%20the,great%20patrons%20of%20the%20arts. -
Gutenberg allowed for improvement in communication through out Europe. Allowed more access to books and other written articles. -
Lorenzo de Medici becomes head of Florence. He was one of the greatest patrons of the arts. https://www.ducksters.com/history/renaissance/timeline_of_the_renaissance.php#:~:text=1400%20%2D%201500%20Early%20Renaissance&text=1450%20%2D%20Johannes%20Gutenberg%20invents%20the,great%20patrons%20of%20the%20arts.
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The Explorer Christopher Columbus discovers the Americas. He discovered the Americas while trying to find a new route to Asia. -
Leonardo de Vinci is known as one of the greatest artist in History. Leonardo's two most Famous painting are The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. -
Henry VIII becomes king of England in 1495. Henry was seventeen when his dad died and married his brother's former wife. -
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In 1508 Michelangelo started painting the celling of the Sistine Chapel. The ceiling at first was blue dotting with stars, but then the pope asked a geometric ornament, and place the twelve apostles in spandrels around the decoration. Michelangelo instead proposed to paint the Old Testament scenes. -
Martin Luther posts his 95 theses on the door of the Church of Wittenberg. In the Catholic Church a new type of Christianity was born.
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A religious movement in the 1500’s that split the Christian church in western Europe and led to the establishment of a number of new churches.
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1wF44RPncWb9-ibk8q1E_AyRTNGjjRfV60sQOf4yfTPU/edit#slide=id.p2 -
Magellan had over 270 men and five ships under his command when he set sail in his attempt to find another route to Eastern Asia. They sailed across the Atlantic to the Canary Islands. -
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Henry VIII made himself head of the England Church which meant that the pope no longer had authority in England. He separated the England Church from the Catholic Church because the Catholic crunch didn't allow him to remarry. -
The Scientific Revolution was a series of events that marked the emergence of modern science.
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In 1599 Shakespeare built the Global Theatre. The Theatre became a place to be in London and could house up to 3,000 spectators. -
In 1610 Galileo discovered Jupiter's moons. His discovery challenged common beliefs of his time about the bodies of our solar system. https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/307/galileos-observations-of-the-moon-jupiter-venus-and-the-sun/#:~:text=When%20Galileo%20pointed%20his%20telescope,moons%20in%20orbit%20of%20Jupiter. -
The Thirty Years War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts. An estimated of 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War
