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- An organization founded in the 1942 that was dedicated to civil rights through nonviolent. *it was found by a group of Chicago in the 1942
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*In 1945, Robinson crossed the color line when Brooklyn Dodgers general manager Branch Rickey hired him
*he was the first known black baseball player. -
- In executive order issued by president Harry S. Truman and 1948 ending segregation in the military.
- Truman knew that desegregation in the armed forces was necessary, not only on moral grounds but also for political reasons.
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- 1954 Supreme Court ruling said that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional
- The brown Vs board of education was actually a set from Kansas, South Carolina and others that had moved up through the court system ALL at the same time
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- it was all started by rosa parks when she got arrested because shed didn't want to give up she seat to a white man
- in 1955 boycott resulted in the integration of Montgomery, bus system in Alabama.
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*a federal judge ordered public schools in Little Rock, Arkansas, to begin desegregation
* Faunus called out the Arkansas National Guard. -
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*civil rights protests in which blacks and whites rode interstate buses together in 196.
* they created the freedom ride to test weather southern states -
- The Birmingham protests showed that African Americans were not going to back down in their struggle for civil rights. *As the youngsters fled, policemen chased them down with clubs and dogs.
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- a 1963 protest in which more than 250,000 people demonstrated in the nation's capital for "jobs and freedom" and the passage of civil rights legislation.
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- a doctrine, promoted by the Nation of Islam, calling for complete separation from white society.
- a doctrine that called for complete separation from white society.
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disanfantrise meant not allowing people to vote
congress passed the voting act of 1965
African americans got to have the right to vote because of this act -
- a group founded in 1966 that demanded economic and political rights and was prepared to take violent action.
- The black panther was a vicious animal, who, if he was attacked, would not back up. It was a political symbol that we were here to stay and we were going to do whatever needed to be done to survive.
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- a 1965 race riot in Watts, a black ghetto in Los Angeles, caused by frustrations about poverty, prejudice, and police mistreatment
- the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders that concluded that white racism was the fundamental cause of the Watts riot.
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*a law that included a ban on discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin, or sex.
* This law included a fair-housing component that banned discrimination in housing sales and rentals. It also gave the federal government the authority to file lawsuits against those who violated the law. -
- the 1971 Supreme Court ruling that busing was an acceptable way to achieve school integration
- Three years later, the Supreme Court took another look at school segregation in Swann vs Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education.
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- a 1978 Supreme Court ruling that narrowly upheld affirmative action, declaring that race may be one factor, but not the sole criterion, in school admissions. *
