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Muhammad received his first revelation from Allah through Angel Gabriel. During this encounter the ANngel revealed to him one of the verses of the Quran.
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The Tang Dynasty was the most influential empire of China's civilization. During there rule China achieved the peak of its civilization and became the center of trade. There studies in mathematics and sciences helped invent
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The Umayyads were thhe first rulers of the Islamic Empire. Power is passed down within their family, as they share a common ancestor with Muhammad.
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Islam was a unifying cultural and economic force in the Eastern hemisphere. It unified people by providing a similar faith,language, and art. The emergence of Islam also gave rise to a new political structure, notably the caliphate (largest theocracy). Islam spread mainly through trade and conquest.
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The Abbasid caliphate expanded their emoire by conquest. They administrated their empire by devising policies, built capitals, oversaw affairs, and organized territory.
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First developed in Western Europe during the 8th century, as a result of the collapse of thee Western Roman Empire. This political system accpunted for all aspects of a society.
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Kievan Rus was the first East Slavic state. This Slavic state was founded by teh Viking Oleg. He extended his rule and unifed the Slavic and Finnish trides. Trade with Constantinople was established in 911. Kievan Rus was at its highest point when Vladimir was in reign. The development with the most importance was during his reing when he accepted the Orthodox Chrstian faith.
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The Toltects set a cultural foundation for civilizations that were later to come, such as the Aztecs. Gifted Toltec craftsmen, were highly skilled in metallurgy annd pottery.
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The Song Dynasty was very prosperous, tremendous achivements were made by them. The earliest form of currency appeared during this time period. The technological advancements caused agricultural production to flourish. This period was considred as another period of "golden age".
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Formal beaking between the Eastern Christian Churches. The greatest effect was the creation of two separate and independent churches that had previously been unified, they became known as the Eastern Orthodox (located in Constantinople) and Western Catholic Church (located in Rome). Some of the major issues that seperated the two was the use of icons, language, and teh supremacy of the Pope.
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First crusade consisted of four armies that were formed by troops of diffrent European regions. It was the first major clash between Crusaders and Muslims. The purpose of the first Crusade was to regain control of the Holy Land from the Muslims.
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Gunpowder was invented by accident when ancient Chinese alchemist were trying to find a potion for immortality. At first it was used in firework, but with time Chinese realized how powerful it was and started using it for war.
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The Mongol empire is known to have been the largest empire in the world. This nomadic group originated in Central Asia and gained great power by conquering China, India, the Middle East, and the kingdom of Russia, generally by brutal tactics. They improved trade throughout most of Asia and eastern Europe, trade along the Silk Road was encouraged and protected. However, this helped the spread of plague.
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The Magna Carta serves as a foundation for the English system of common law. This document symbolizes freedom.
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The Mali empire had a widespread linguistic influence, so much that even after centuries Mande words survived in the languages of forest regions. During this tiem period Mande language and culture flourished. They were able to effectively spread Mande cultural system.
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Marco Polo is one of the most famous European travelers. His expeditions widened knowledge of the world in the 13th and 14th century. His adventures influenced mapmakers and European readers. Marco polo inspired Christopher Columbus explorations. In addition, he helped increase European participation in the larger economy of the Eastern hemispher. His greatest accomplishment was to expansion of trade routes in Asia, including what is now known as the Silk Road.
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Developed as a need for decentralized power out of the immediate reach of the king. Matters of state, taxation, and political affairs were discussed.
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Ibn Battuta was a muslim scholar and famous traveler. He spend much of his life visiting many places within the Islamic Empires. He strictly enforced Islamic rule and provided guidance in the way of Islam.
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Mansa Musa was the emperor of the Mali Empire during the 14th century. His pilgramage to the holy city of Mecca introduced him to rulers from other areas. On his way to Mecca he gave out generous donations to the poor and rulers of lands her encountered. His pilgramage to Mecca boosted Islamic faith and education in Mali.
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The dispute that started the Hundred Year War was between France and England over who should be the heir to the French kingdom. The last king Charles IV died without a son thus leaving no direct heir.
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One of the most devestating pandemics in human history. The black plague swept through the entire continent of Eurasia, wiping out most of the population in the communities it struck. It caused the desintegration of societies. The plague affected the society in numerous ways. Society was affected in religious, economic, social, and political aspects. However, it improved working conditions for labores and offered them higher wages.
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The Inca Empire started in the highlands of the Andes. The empire took rise quickly due to negotiating relationships.
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The printing press is one of the most important inventions of all times. It was invented in the Holy Roman Empire by German Johannes Gutenberg. It encouraged the development of new ideas and flourished intellectual activity.
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The fall of the Byzantien empire signified Islamic victory. As a result, of the downfall of the empire Islam became the most dominant religion.
