-
The Jim Crow Laws Cont 2.
In 1950 the Supreme Court ruled that the Univ. of Texas must admit a black, Herman Sweatt, to the law school, on the grounds that the state did not provide equal education for him. -
Jim Crow Laws
The Jim Crow laws that began in the 1870s, legalized integration between blacks and whites. The name ‘Jim Crow’ came about from the a white mistrel show performer who covered his face in ash charcoal paste and burnt cork and performed an amazing dance while singing the song to ‘jump jim crow’. The Supreme Court ruling in 1896 in Plessy v. Ferguson that separate facilities for whites and blacks were constitutional encouraged the passage of discriminatory laws that wiped out gains made by blacks. -
The Jim Crow Laws Cont.
Railways and streetcars, public waiting rooms, restaurants, boarding houses, theatres, and public parks were integrated; separate schools, hospitals, and other public institutions, generally of inferior quality, were made for the use of blacks. By World War I, even places of employment were, and it was not until after World War II that an assault on Jim Crow in the South began to make headlines. -
Australia/Invasion/Foundation Day: 150 Celebration
The euphoria and general elation from the white inhabitants of the Australian Continent, to the Sesqui-Centenary of the landing of the first fleet at Botany Bay; spurred a passive Indigenous movement “to raise (their) people to full citizen status and equality within the community”, whilst continuing protest against the ‘callous treatment of their people by white men during the past 150 years.” -
Australia/Foundation/Invasion Day: 150 Celebration
The day itself contributed to the Referendum, likely to a greater degree as the proposed resolution pictured, was a product of the ‘time’. It reignited the composed rebellion, of the Indigenous people and continued to create awareness and cause for the endowment of their human rights. -
Brown vs Board of Education decision
Brown vs Board of Education decision of 1954, essentially decreed that all schools which segregated blacks and whites according to their respective states was unconstitutional and therefore should be disbanded immediately. It was in response to a case decades previous of Plessy Vs Ferguson in 1896, which granted the states the ability to create such a divided system. -
Brown vs Board of Education Decison Cont
The motivation behind the move was not specifically in response to a desire for integration but rather an attempt to equal the disparity between the quality of education, for people of a predominately black-American descent and white European heritage. It was major turning point in the struggle for equality. -
Rosa Parks
December 1955, Rosa Park, and activist, refused to give up her seat to a white man, which lead to a bus boycott. This lead the nation to spark a protest, to speed up the civil rights alteration. The boycott lead the people to vote for Martin Luther King to lead the Montgomery Improvement Association, otherwise known as MIA. The Montgomery bus boycott was the beginning of a revolutionary era of non-violent mass protests in support of civil rights in the United States. -
Little Rock High School Crisis
In 1957 a crisis occurred at the Little Rock Central high school, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States. 9 students with dark skin were prevented from attending the school. It was a racially segregated school and the decision was made by the Governor of Arkansas at the time Orval Faubus. This sparked much debate and a intervention was held to discuss the future of racially segregated schools, The US Supreme court deemed all laws regarding segregated schools would be abolished from the constitutio -
Petition for Referendum
For the years preceding the 1967 referendum, numerable petitions were fabricated and signed detailing the disparity between white Australians and the “disabilities, political, social and economic” of the Indigenous. The source in question “was signed by more than 25,000 people in three months and tabled in the House of Representatives by Gordon Bryant on 17 September 1958.” -
Petition for Referendum
The implementation of several petitions created awareness through the petitions and indeed, through acquiring the signatures, of ‘whitemen’ gave cause and legitimacy to their appeal, which had so far, been largely ignored, or unknown. -
Aboriginal Natives of Australia are given the right to vote.
The bill was assented on the 21st of May, and commended on the 18th of June. The Menzies Government amended the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 to allow all Aboriginal Australians to vote in Australia federal elections. It was a huge contribution to civil rights, as it the beginning of Aboriginals becoming part of the Commonwealth. -
I Have a Dream
On August 27 1963, one of the largest political rallies in American and indeed and world history, took place at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. The pretence for such a protest was the unjust discrimination against the African-American population whom were suffering in their attempts to gain financial stability and the inalienable rights they should possess under the foundations of democracy, which the United States so ardently shelters. -
I Have a Dream Cont.
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." On the 28th August 1963, Martin Luther King Jnr a “Black American Pastor, humanitarian and activist” who was instrumental in the civil rights movement, addressed the expectant and passionate throng, with an oration, that would be examined, dissected, revered and finally placed respectfully in history as one of the most influential displays of rhetoric the world has ever seen. -
The passing of the Civil Rights act Cont.
slavery which at the time was an ‘occupation’ dominated by African-American immigrants. The civil rights act of 1964detailed the eradication of laws which racially discriminated against, segregated or in any way prejudiced against a conglomerate of people whether it be on gender, race, ethnic, colour or religious orientation grounds. -
The Passing of the Civil Rights Act
In addition to the aforementioned policy it also disbanded schools, which promoted segregation and balanced the scales in terms of equality concerning the voting system. It was largely a product of the African-American Civil Rights protestations, and although had little effect to begin with, eventually and still does today remain one of the greatest tools in furthering acceptance and the end of racism in America. -
The passing of the Civil Rights Act
The African-American civil rights movement of (1954-68) was a ‘crusade’ which had been essentially gathering purpose and support since the American Civil War, (1861-1865). Where Abraham Lincoln 16th President of the United States and leader of the National Republican party initially won the war against the confederate states, and concurrently passed the thirteenth amendment to the American Constitution which called for the total and permanent abolition of slavery in America; -
Student action for aborigines (SAFA) establishment
At a time when racism was seen by many Australians as existing mainly in South Africa or the southern states of the USA, University of Sydney students decided on a plan of action which would awaken the community to the reality of Australian racism. Charles Perkins, one of only two Aboriginal students at the University at this time, was elected president of the newly-formed Student Action for Aborigines (SAFA). Interested students came from the ALP, the Newman society, the Jewish Students Union a -
Wave Hill Station Walk Off
200 Aboriginal pastoral workers walked off the job at Vesteys' cattle station at Wave Hill in the Northern Territory. They were demanding equal wages now. The Vestey’s dismissed them and refused to handle the cattle from the Wave Hill Cattle Station. This event raised much awareness for the problem and an Equal Wages Campaign was implemented. -
Constitution altered to benefit aboriginals
The constitution was changed, Aboriginals were counted into the Population -
Assassination of Martin Luther King Jnr
His prophecy did indeed come to afore, when on Thursday 4th April 1968, he was murdered at “the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee”. It sparked the end to the passive approach of protest for the continuance of the civil rights movement and America descended into a tsunami of ‘depression’ after losing two beloved figures in JFK and King. -
Assassination of Martin Luther King Jnr
Throughout his rise to notoriety and continued presence as an advocate for legislation regarding the progression of African-American rights, King received innumerable threats which described his fatality. Furthermore upon hearing of JFK’s own assassination it is alleged that King remarked to his wife: "This is what is going to happen to me also. I keep telling you, this is a sick society."
