Period Three

By Ashoka5
  • Period: 100 to

    Silla Dynasty

    real start date 57 B.C. pg 298 in book
  • Period: 400 to Dec 2, 1200

    Kingdom of Ghana

    This empire which flourished in the ninth to eleventh centuries was founded largely on Gold. It is important because it shows the beginning of Empire in Africa, the spread of Islam, the expansion of trade routes and the movement of resources. The Ghana empire lived by its gold exports and died of conquest around the turn of the thirteenth century. Key concept 3.1 Gold trade on trans sahara, 3.2new state, 3.3 Ghana became more advanced and developed things such as architecture as it went along.
  • Period: 570 to Nov 27, 632

    Muhammed

    Muhammed was the prophet for the religion Islam. He started as a merchant, and later got inspired and started spreading his religious faith throughout Islam. This is important because it started a new religion that would grow and unite a large part of the world.
  • Period: Nov 28, 661 to Nov 28, 750

    Umayyad Dynasty

    Led by a caliph, or deputy, the Umayyad dynasty was the first large Muslim dynasty. Largely a conquering dynasty, the Umayyads took land in the Middle East, South Africa, and Spain. They lead from Damascus, and had trade and industry. They tolerated different faiths and ethnicities, but taxed them (jizya), and gave only Arab Muslims a high position in society. The class differences, Sunni/Shia rift, and the Caliphs' indulgent lives upset some Muslims, and ended the Caliphate.
  • Period: Nov 27, 710 to

    Nara period

    The Nara period was a precursor to the Heian period that set many precedents that would last for a long time. An aristocratic clan decided to model rule after the Tang Dynasty in China and made a capital at Nara on Honshu. They attempted central rule with a Chinese wtyle bureaucracu, instituted the equal field system, and supported Confucianism and Buddhism. They mixed Chinese ideas with their own and in 794 transferred their capital to Heian. Set foundation for later Japan
  • Period: Nov 12, 750 to Nov 12, 1258

    Abbasid Dynasty

    With its capital at Baghdad, the Abbasids ruled effectively for more than five hundred years. The Abbasid dynasty was not as focused on expansion as the prior Umayyad dynasty, and focused more on the arts and sciences. They had centers of learning, medicine, and had many different ethnic groups. They ruled through regional governors. The Abbasid Dynasty had advanced banking techniques. The Abbasid gradually weakened by civil disputes and was ended by Mongol and Turkik invasion.
  • Period: Dec 3, 1000 to Dec 3, 1350

    Great Zimbabwe

    Great Zimbabwe was a great stone trade city on East Africa. They controlled the trade of gold, ivory, and slaves between mainland Africa and traders on the coast. The importance is that it shows the wealth the Indian Ocean Trade brought to Africa, and shows that Africa participated. Key concept 3.1 trade, 3.2 state form.
  • Nov 27, 1054

    Schism between eastern and western Chirstian Churches

    The Pope and the emperorer of the Byzantine empire began having problems around the seven hundreds. After the Western Roman empire collapsed in 476 the Church came in to fill the power vacuum. The Pope maintained that the Roman empire was the center of Christianity and the Byzantine empire contended the same. In 800 the Pope crowned Charlemagne as king. The two factions also differed on issues such as iconoclasm and doctrinal interpretation. Tension built until mutual excommunication in 1054.
  • Period: Dec 3, 1055 to Dec 3, 1157

    Saljuq control over Abbasid Dyansty

    The Saljuqs exerted breif control over the Abbasid dynasty. Although the official leaders were Abbasid Caliphates, the real rulers were Turkish Sultans. This was important because it lead to the Turkish conversion to Islam which is important later when the Turks clash with Christianity and eventually make the Ottoman empire an Islamic state. The Abbasids eventually regained control. Shows strength of nomads and weakening of Abbasid state. 3.2 state building, 3.1 multiple societies interacting.
  • Nov 27, 1066

    Norman Invasion of England

    In 1066 William the Conquerer and his Norman army conquered England by defeating Duke Williams and his saxon army. The decisive battle happened at Hastings. William became the ruler of England. This connected England to Europe, started the rivalry between England and France, and lessened Norse influence.
  • Period: Dec 2, 1069 to Dec 2, 1187

    First Crusade

    At the behest of Urban II the Christians go out to recapture the holy land. They get a good deal of it, mostly by accident, and the Muslim forces rally to force their removal. Information because shows rise of Europe, power of Pope, and conflict between Christianity and Islam. Huge scale transfer of ideas gave Christians new methods and techniques. 3.2 Interaction of states, 3.1 communication between societies because of diffusion.
  • Period: Dec 2, 1202 to Dec 2, 1204

    Fourth Crusade

    One of the unsuccesful crusades, noteworthy because Norman raiders sacked Constantinople. Shows animosity between Catholocism and Eastern Orthodox Christianity. 3.2 because is interacion of states.
  • Period: Nov 27, 1206 to Nov 27, 1227

    Genghis Khan

    Genghis Khan created the largest contiguous empire of all time. He was born poor, his father was killed, yet he slowly built up report as a warrior. He united all the tribes and went out on horseback and used blitzkreig tactics and bows to take huge stretches of land. He ruthlessly destroyed cities and entire regions and was able to conquer peacefullly by fear alone. He was not a very good ruler but was mostly interested in getting tribute from taken lands. He died without getting all of China.
  • Period: Nov 27, 1206 to Nov 27, 1279

    Mongol Conquest of China

    Under Ghengis Khan the Mongols took the Northern part of China. The real conquest to take the whole Song dynasty happened from 1235 to 1271. This is important because the Chinese had always looked at the Mongols as outside invaders and scorned them, and the Mongols finally got the chance to take charge. The Mongols used the same military tactics to get China, which made the Mongols all the more powerful because China was a huge center for trade and wealth. The Mongols ruled until 1368.
  • Period: Dec 3, 1206 to Dec 3, 1526

    Sultinate of Delhu

    The Sultinate of Dehli was a very powerful islamic empire in the North of India. They conquested many Indian states from the Punjab to the Ganges valley. They built Mosques, had a huge army, and supported the arts. They affected the region eventually gaining many Muslim converts, but ruled largely over Hindus and respected Hindu policy. There was animosity and many of their rulers were assanated before they were beaten. 3.2 empire.
  • Period: Dec 2, 1230 to

    Mali Empire

    The Mali Empire was a golden age empire in western Afirca. Built on the gold trade and the salt trade, but less so than the Songhai with salt. They had thriving trade cities like Timbuktu, Gao, and Jenne. Most famous was their ruler Mansa Musa, whose Hajj to Mecca put Mali on the map by spreading gold on his way and recruiting talented workers. He built Mosques and schools. 3.1part of Saharan trade, 3.2 new state.
  • Period: Nov 27, 1260 to Nov 27, 1294

    Kublai Khan

    Kublai Khan was a ruler of China and the establisher of the Yuan dynasty. Kublai's main goal was to conquer all of China and by 1279 the last of the Song dynasty had been defeated. Kublai established the capital at Beijing or Kahnbaliq in 1264 and extended the grand canal so that it could be part of river trade. He left low level administrators in place but replaced the higher up ones with Muslim scholars and Mongols.
  • Period: Aug 27, 1275 to Nov 27, 1295

    Marco Polo's Trip to China

    Marco Polo spent seventeen years traveling around China and working as a Yuan dynasty administrator and noting the economy, people, markets, and trade of the area. He turned this into a book to share his travels. His descriptions are grand yet incomplete so many doubt their credibility. Important because it helped connect West to East, and signaled rise of Europe
  • Period: Nov 27, 1279 to Nov 27, 1368

    Yuan Dynasty

    The Yuan dynasty is important because it is the only time that China has been ruled by anyone other than Chinese. The Mongols conquered the Chinese but remained largely apart from them. They outlawed intermarriage, did not let the Chinese rule in high posts in government and instead brought in Muslim scholars to do the job. They allowed all religions as they did everywhere else. The Mongol rule ended due to class conflict, the weakening of paper money, assanitation, and taxation.
  • Period: Nov 27, 1280 to Nov 27, 1337

    Mansa Musa

    Mansa Musa was a ruler of the Mali Empire. He was the most famous Malian emperor in part because of his Hajj to Mecca. He was a very wealthy ruler and wanted to spread knowledge of the wealth of his Mali Empire, and so took a great multitude of gold with him and showered it upon people in the lands he passed by. His Hajj put the Malu empire on the map. He also used money to recruit the best learned men to his empire. Timbuktu became a great trade city under his reign.
  • Period: Dec 3, 1333 to Dec 3, 1500

    First Bubonic Plague Pandemic

    The Bubonic plague originated in China and moved through most of the world along trade routes, killing many. It lead to great population loss, and caused severe inglammations in its subjects. The infectious disease caused economic strife, lowered rights for peasants and rebellions, and lowered the amount of people in cities predating the reniassance. Less intense by 1388. 3.1 passed by trade, 3.2 effected empires, 3.3 hurt production for hundreds of years.
  • Period: Nov 27, 1336 to Nov 27, 1405

    Tamerlane

    Tamerlane, or Timur, built a large yet short lived empire by conquest. After the Mongols, there was a power vacuum, and Tamerlane used Chiggins Kahn as a model. He and his crew conquered from the black sea to the Hindu Kush range. He established a capital at Samarkand and died before getting to invade China. He sacked many citites and took taxes. His empire died out soon but his Turkish Muslim influence lived on in his area of influence.
  • Period: Dec 3, 1337 to Dec 3, 1453

    Hundred Years' War

    The Hundred Years' War was a long conflict between France and Britain over who would get to rule the throne in France. Althought the French eventually won it was a loss for both sides who lost up to half their populations due to fighting and plague. The conflict led to nationalism, new military techniques, and political organizations, as well as defining national borders. 3.2 Defines states, 3.1 communication between societies.
  • Period: Nov 27, 1338 to Nov 27, 1368

    Ibn Battuta's Journey

    Ibn Battuta spend thirty years traveling throughout Spain, Anatolia, Persia, Africa, and India. He was a scholar and seeker who observed cultures throughout the Muslim world. His account of West Africa is very valuable and is details the culture and life there. He was surprised by how loose relations with women were and was astonished by their dress.
  • Period: Dec 3, 1368 to

    Ming Dynasty

    Hongwu, a former beggar, reinstated Chinese rule in China after the Yuan Dynasty fell. He brought back Confucianism and Civil Service exams and put in place the tightest centralized rule thus far. The Ming restored China to normal economically and culturally after plague and Mongol rule, and brouht their goods to other lands. 3.2 change in state affairs.
  • Period: Dec 3, 1405 to Dec 3, 1433

    Zheng He's expiditions

    Zheng He was an enuch in the early Ming dynasty who traveled throughout much of southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean basin by ship. He saw an amazing amount of things and made impacts like introducing Islam to China and reporting on the cultures of other lands. He brought envoys and things like Giraffes from other lands. First time I have seen China branching out. Shows increase of trade after plague, rebuild. 3.1 trade, communication, and exchange.
  • May 29, 1453

    Fall of Constantinople

    Sultan Mehmed II, an Ottoman Turk, led his forces in a raid against Constantinople in 1453. It fell on this date. The city fell before in the fourth crusade,1204, but this time it was final. The Turks took the city using advanced siege techniques and more forces than the Byzantines. This is important because it ends the Byzantine Empire after one thousand years and begins the reign of the Ottoman Empire. 3.2 state building,
  • Period: Dec 2, 1471 to Dec 2, 1532

    Inca Empire

    The Inca Empire was the first real effort at empire building in South America. With their sterling capital at Cuzco and extensive road system they were advanced. Without a written language or long distance trade they managed relative wealth. Observed polytheistic religion and had a ridgid class structure. Much state owned. 3.2 Empire, 3.1 lead to greater interacions,3.3 centralization and agriculture methods improve standard of living.
  • Period: to

    Reign of Charlemagne

    Charlemagne, a Frankish ruler and conquestor, tried to reestablish centralized rule in Western Europe. He ruled from his Capital at Aachen, yet he was on the road most of his life because his bureaucracy was not advanced enought to rule without his presence. He was crowned by the Pope in the year 800 and focused on education. He died in 814 and the Carolignian empire soon collapsed from lack of unity.
  • Period: to Dec 3, 1431

    Kingdom of Angkor

    This Kingdom stayed intact in southeast Asia for hundreds of years. They were largely an agricultural society, but were near the ithsmus of Kra and the straight of Melaka, the worlds busiest straight, so they deffinitely partook in trade. They are important because they show the influence of Indian Ocean trade because they inherited Indian Hindu and Buddhist traditions. The ruins there are a testament to this. Key concepts 3.1 Indian Ocean Trade, 3.2 Empire, 3,3 trade leads to more productivity
  • Period: to Nov 27, 1195

    Heian Period of Japan

    The Heian period was an imperial time in Japan. The emperor was a figurehead while the ruling families such as the Fujiwara administered rule throughout the land. The idea for this centralization fame from the Chinese dynasties, and the Heian rulers used the equal field system. The Heian period ended when the Minamoto clan won power and began to rule using the feudal system. Key concept 3.2 this was a form of government
  • Period: to

    Sui Dynasty

    The Sui Dynasty was ruled by teh strict Yang Jian. They re-unified China and built the grand canal. This project and corruption put the Sui in debt but the grand canal has unified China economically up to modern day. The Sui is important because they got China back together again and set the stage for the golden age Tang.
  • Period: to

    Tang Dynasty

    The Tang Dynasty was the first great dynasty after the Han. Taxes were low, trade in silk and porcelain once again flourished, and there was a bureaucracy of merit. The equal field system helped to heal the class issues that ruined the Han. Corruption weakened the Tang and they allowed a Uighur confusion to put down the rebellion in their capital Chang'an.
  • Period: to Nov 28, 1279

    Song Dynasty

    The Song Dynasty reestablished order in China. They were less militaristic than the prior Tang, and less successful. They did not have an army and preferred to pay invaders not to invade. Their other flaw was that they had a huge bureaucracy which they paid well, which caused financial strain. The Song did focus more on civil administration, industry, and education, so it was a wealthy dynasty. It slowly shrank until its total defeat by Kublai Khan and his mongol forces in 1279.