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Garvey, a champion of Black Pride, founds the United Negro Improvement Association
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The 18th amendment was ratified, banning manufacture or sale of alcohol.
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Harding (Republican) elected as President
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"Radio evangelists" attacked society and preached fundamentalists values over the radio
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young women cut their hair, wore shorter dresses
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Radios and radio programs became popular as a way of entertainment and communication
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evolving culture encouraged more promiscuity
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percentage of high school graduates jumped to over 25%
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African American Jazz musicians grew in popularity among all races
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African American leaders like W.E.B. Du Bois emphasized racial pride
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Harlem, NYC became a hub for African American Culture
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Automobile began to affect nearly every aspect of American life, and many industries became dependent on them
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Businesses began adopting the assembly line, perfected by Ford, to increase productivity
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Satirized middle-class America in his works
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Limited immigration to 3% of foreign-born persons from a given nation counted in 1910 census.
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Two Italian immigrants convicted for robbery and murder, liberals argued that they were sentenced to death because they were Italian and anarchists
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conference on naval disarmament between Belgium, China, Great Britain, Japan, and France.
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Calvin Coolidge (Republican) elected President
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F. Scott Fitzgerald publishes the Great Gatsby
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Court battle between fundamentalists and modernists over whether or not it was okay to teach evolution in schools
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movies with sound introduced, movie industry skyrocketed
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Hoover (Republican) elected president
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discouraged using force to "achieve national ends", but was ineffective because it lacked consequences for violators
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Ernest Hemingway published A Farewell to Arms
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Selling frenzy began, stock prices plunged
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Stocks plunged further, after one business day of rest
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Raised the tariff on American goods ranging from 31 to 49%
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Created by Congress to stabilize key financial institutions (trickle-down theory)
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Repealed 18th amendment (Prohibition) as a way to collect tax revenue
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Guaranteed reasonable profits for business and fair hours/wages for workers, gave workers right to organize and bargain collectively (declared unconstitutional 1935 Schechter v U.S.)
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Roosevelt begins his "fireside chats" to assure listeners that re-opened banks were safe
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Employed young men on projects and paid their families monthly
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offered grants to states/gov'ts operating soup kitchens and other methods of relief
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created to regulate stock market and place limits on speculative practices
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increased regulation of banks, gold standard restricted to international transactions
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Created to teach farmers to farm in a more eco-friendly way (crop rotation, terrace fields, etc)
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Replaced NRA, guaranteed right to join union/bargain collectively, outlawed business practices unfair to labor
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created federal insurance program that would be used to make monthly payments to retired people 65+ y/o or unemployed, disabled people, and dependent children and mothers
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created jobs for the unemployed, NYA (National Youth Administration) provided part-time jobs to young people in school or until they could get another job
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provided loans to sharecroppers & small farmers, and established federal camps for migrant workers
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provided loans to power more rural areas
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broke away from AF of L and focused on unskilled workers
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established a minimum wage, a maximum workweek, and child labor restrictions
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Steinbeck publishes the Grapes of Wrath, detailing the hardships of dust bowl farmers
