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Flappers
Social and fashion movement by young women who tried to rebel against traditional values by wearing short dresses, rolled stockings, red lipstick/makeup; smoked cigarettes, drank, drove cars. -
18th Amendment
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages. -
Prohibition
The prevention by law of the manufacture and sale of alcohol from 1920-1933. Goal was to eliminate drunkenness. -
Harlem Renaissance
Black artistic movement in NYC when writers, poets, painters, and musicians came together to express feelings and experiences, especially about the injustices of Jim Crow. -
Langston Hughes
Wrote during the Harlem Renaissance. He was an African American and was the best known poet in the Harlem movement. -
Modernism
Modernists took a historical and critical view of certain passages in the Bible and believed they could accept Darwin's theory of evolution without abandoning their religious faith. -
Back to Africa Movement
Founded by Marcus Garvey, a movement that encouraged those of African decent to return to Africa to their ancestors so that they could have their own empire because they were treated poorly in America. -
Marcus Garvey
Created the Universal Negro Improvement Association, promoted the "Back to Africa" movement, organized black businesses and established a corps of Black Cross nurses. -
The radio
The radio became the new mass of media and entertainment after newspapers. Enabled people all over the country to listen to the same things. -
Ezra Pound
An American expatriate poet, musician and critic who was a major figure in the Modernist movement in poetry. -
Fundentalism
Set of religious beliefs including traditional Christian ideas about Jesus Christ. -
The Jazz Age
Jazz music became a symbol of the "new" and "modern" culture of the cities, especially for young people. -
Warren G. Harding
Republican president, successor of Theodore Roosevelt. His campaign slogan was "A Return to Normalcy." -
Normalcy
Term coined by Warren Harding in an address before the Home Market Club in Boston, this term came to symbolize, to powerful businessmen, the immediate abandonment of the foreign and domestic policies of Wilson. This meant a return to high protective tariffs and a reduction in taxes. -
Ohio Gang
A group of men that were friends with President Harding. Harding appointed them to offices and they used their power to gain money for themselves. They were involved in scandals that ruined Harding's reputation even though he wasn't involved. -
Bureau of the Budget
Primary task is to prepare annual budget every January; also controls the administration of the budget, improving it and encouraging government efficiency. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
A government scandal involving a former United States Navy oil reserve in Wyoming that was secretly leased to a private oil company in 1921. -
Quota System
Established the maximum number of immigrants from any given country. -
Sinclair Lewis
A journalist who wrote Main Street and Babbitt, belittled small-town America, and was the chief chronicler of Midwestern life. Master of satire. -
Fordney-McCumber Tariff
Rose the rates on imported goods in the hopes that domestic manufacturing would prosper. Prevented foreign trade, which badly affected the economy since Europe could not pay its debts if it could not trade. -
Duke Ellington
One of the most influential jazz bandleaders and composers of all time. -
National Origins Act
Restricted immigration from any one nation to 2% of the number of people already in the U.S of that national origin in 1890, which severely restricted immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe, and excluded Asians entirely. -
Election of 1924
The Republican candidate was Coolidge, the Democratic candidate was John W. Davis, and the Progressive candidate was Follette. -
F. Scott Fitzgerald
A novelist who wrote The Great Gatsby. -
Ernest Hemingway
Author who wrote The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell to Arms, exemplified the "Lost Generation" of WWI. -
Bull Market
Stock market at all time high, stocks selling for more than they are worth. -
Eugene O'Neill
An innovative playwright who portrayed realistic characters and situations (Strange Interlude). -
Impact of the automobile
Affected everything Americans did; shopping, traveling, commuting, dating, etc. -
The Great Crash of 1929
The stock market dropped violently, losing much of its value and contributing to the start of the Great Depression. -
Black Tuesday
The day when prices in the stock market took a steep dive, plunging over $10 million dollars. -
The Great Depression
Economic crisis and period of low business activity in the U.S. and other countries, roughly beginning with the stock-market crash. -
Trickle-down economics
Herbert Hoover's economic policy. Help the rich instead of the common people. If the rich get richer, their investments supposedly will lead businesses to expand, and some of that money will trickle down to the people in the form of jobs and salaries. -
Okies
The nickname given to farmers and their families who came from the regions of Oklahoma or Texas to California in search of the "Promised Land." -
Smoot-Hawley Tariff
U.S. legislation that raised import duties by as much as 50%, adding to the Great Depression. -
Dust Bowl
Parts of Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas that were hit hard by dry topsoil and high winds that created blinding dust storms. -
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
One of Hoover's policies to help the depression. Provided $1.5 billion in loans to railroads, mortgage companies, and banks on the verge of collapse. -
National Industrial Recovery Act
Sought to bolster prices, created the NRA and PWA. -
Emergency Banking Relief Act
Authorized the government to inspect the financial health of all banks. -
Tennessee Valley Authority Act
Navigation, flood control, electricity, and economic development in the TV, was the first public competition with private power companies. -
Agricultural Adjustment Act
Gave money to farmers to meet their mortgages, education programs, paid farmers not to farm (to reduce the surplus). -
Federal Emergency Relief Act
Money to states for direct payments or wages on work projects, direct aid to unemployed, public works. -
Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act
Established the FDIC to insure bank deposits and prevent bank failures. -
Home Owners' Loan Corporation
Stabilize real estate and refinance urban mortgage debt. -
Public Works Administration
Construction of public works to provide employment, welfare, and stabilize purchasing power. -
Civil Works Administration
Provided temporary jobs during the winter - "boondoggling," trivial tasks. -
Provided temporary jobs during the winter - "boondoggling," trivial tasks.
Part of Unemployment Relief Act; employed 3 million men in government camps. -
Federal Housing Administration
Stimulated the building industry through small loans to householders, improve housing standards, and insure mortgages. -
Indian Reorganization Act
Ended the sale of tribal lands (begun under the Dawes Act) and helped restore some land to Indian owners. It also encouraged tribes to restore local tradition and self-government. -
Public Utility Holding Company Act
Put an end to the super growth of corporations created by public utility holding companies, expect where "economically needful."
