PBA 1: Environmental Change Timeline

  • Jan 1, 1000

    Hunter-Gatherer 8000 BC (End of Ice Age)

    About 8,000 BC: The last Ice age ended when the ice sheets finally retreated from Scandinavia and the glaciers in Scotland disappeared. People, animals and plants invaded the appearing land after the ice had disappeared. Part of the North Sea is still dry.
  • Jan 2, 1000

    Hunter-gatherer 7,500 BC (Disappearing of the Land Bridge)

    7,500 BC: The melting of the ice sheets resulted in the flooding of the North Sea basin and the disappearance of the land bridge connecting Britain to the continent by 8000 years ago. Disappeared beneath the waves about 14,500 years ago, toward the end of the last ice age. Unfortunately, that was about 2,500 years before the first accepted date for human settlement in the new world.
  • Jan 3, 1000

    Agricultural Revolution 6,800 BC (Foundation of Rice)

    Rice domesticated in southeast Asia. Women throughout Southeast Asia regularly work in outdoor markets, both as preparers and sellers of food items. Generally, urban women are raised to be skilled merchants and their public role in small business is routine. In some rituals, these four colors of of cooked rice symbolize the four cardinal directions (north, south, east, and west), and small amounts are offered to the gods of all the universe.
  • Jan 4, 1000

    Hunter-Gatherer 6,000 BC (Holocene Climate Optimum)

    Holocene Climate Optimum. Sea level reached a slightly higher level than today coinciding with the warmest period of the past 10,000 years with temperatures about 2 degrees celsius higher than today. Warm period during roughly the interval 9,000 to 5,000 years B.P. This event has also been known by many other names, including: Hypsithermal, Altithermal, Climatic Optimum, Holocene Optimum, Holocene Thermal Maximum, and Holocene Megathermal.
  • Jan 5, 1000

    Agricultural Revolution 3,500 BC (Irrigation)

    Irrigation was being used in Mesopotamia, artificial application of water to the land or soil. It is used to assist in the growing of agricultural crops, maintenance of landscapes, and revegetation of disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of inadequate rainfall.
  • Jan 6, 1000

    Agricultural Revolution 2,100 BC (Bronze and Iron Age)

    Farming typically revolved around small hamlets and farmsteads with enclosed rectilinear fields - each having areas of pasture, arable and wood. Ploughing became more efficient with the arrival of the iron share (plough point) and a two field rotation was introduced; crops one year followed by a fallow that was grazed by livestock. This lead to suprisingly high yields and fuelled population growth, even though retreat from the uplands had been necessary because of climate deterioration.
  • Industrial Revolution 1837 (Telegraph) Dare unknown

    Morse develops the telegraph and Morse Code. Morse code is a method of transmitting text information as a series of on-off tones, lights, or clicks that can be directly understood by a skilled listener or observer without special equipment. Small set of punctuation and procedural signals as standardized sequences of short and long signals called "dots" and "dashes".
  • Industrial Revolution 1867 (Alfred Nobel)

    Alfred Nobel produces dynamite, the first high explosive which can be safely handled. Alfred Nobel built bridges and buildings in Stockholm. His construction work inspired Nobel to research new methods of blasting rock. Alfred Nobel invented the Nobel patent detonator or blasting cap for detonating nitroglycerin.. (Date Unknown)
  • Industrial Revolution 1889 (Effiel Tower)

    Eiffel Tower was built in 1889. An iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris. It was named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower. Global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world.
  • 21st Century (9/11 terror)

    9/11 terror attack were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks launched by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda upon the United States in New York City and the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area on Tuesday, September 11, 2001. Four passenger airliners were hijacked by 19 al-Qaeda terrorists so they could be flown into buildings in suicide attacks. Two of those planes, American Airlines Flight 11 and United Airlines Flight 175, were crashed into the North and South towers, respectively, o
  • 21st Century (Landing Mars)

    Two Mars rovers Spirit and Opportunity were launched to Mars and landed January 2004. Of multiple attempted Mars landings by robotic, unmanned spacecraft, seven were successful. There have also been studies for a possible manned mission to Mars, including a landing, but none have been attempted.
  • 21st Century (Hurricane Katrina)

    Hurricane Katrina was the costliest natural disaster, as well as one of the five deadliest hurricanes, in the history of the United States. Katrina formed in the Bahamas and made its biggest impact as a Category 3 storm in New Orleans,LA. Deadliest and most destructive Atlantic tropical cyclone of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. It was the costliest natural disaster, as well as one of the five deadliest hurricanes, in the history of the United States.