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The Tariff of 1828 was a protective tariff for Western and Northern goods but left Southern goods such as tobacco and cotton unprotected. In retaliation to this tariff, foreign markets closed their doors to American Cotton.
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The Tariff, after being largely forgotten about, was brought back into the senate floor by the South Carolina Senator Robert Hayne and the Massachusetts Senator Daniel Webster.
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Following Jackson's re-election in 1832, South Carolina formed a convention that denounced the Tariff of Abominations, later adopting the Ordinance of Nullification. The Ordinance then declared that any force used against South Carolina from Congress would prompt South Carolina to secede from America and become independent.
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Because of Jackson's threats, South Carolina slowed their enactment of the Ordinances that they put into effect. In response to this, Jackson supported Henry Clay's efforts to lower the Tariffs that began the crisis in the first place. Once the Tariff reductions were passed by Congress, South Carolina rescinded the Ordinance of Nullification and the crisis passed.
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After South Carolina denounced the Tariff, Jackson advised his Secretary of War Lewis Cass to prepare for war, enlisted a militia in preparation of enforcing the Tariff, and gave speeches to Congress to reaffirm his power to ensure the execution of Federal Laws.