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Oct 12, 1492
Columbus discovers the New World
On this date, Christopher Columbus spotted a sort of light that later turned out to be land. The land was a small island which we now call The Bahamas. He named it San Salvador. He then went on to explore Cuba and Hispaniola.
http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/latinamericatheconquest/p/Columbusfirst.htm -
Aug 13, 1521
Hernan Cortes conquers the Aztecs
In 1518 Hernan Cortes was appointed captain general of a Spanish expedition to America. After a three month siege, the city fell on this date. The vicory marked the fall of the incan empire. Cortes then became ruler.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/aztec-capital-falls-to-corts -
Jan 1, 1552
Bartolome de las Casas
The book is about an argument between Bartolome de las Casas and Juan Gines. They were having an argument about the concerns of the treatment of Native American people in the New World. He has been called "the father of anti-imperialism and anti-racism".
http://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl302/philosophers/las_casas.html -
The Founding of Jamestown
The Viginia Company of England sailed to the New World. They called this land Viginia in honor of Queen Elizabeth I, who was a virgin queen. They began a settlement which they named Jamestown. Jamestown is the first official British settlement in America.
http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_jamestwn_1.html -
Bacon's Rebellion
The rebellion began with a local argument with the doeg indians. Nathaniel Bacon was appointed leader of Virginia's army and demanded a commission to fight the indians.
http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/bacon_s_rebellion_1676-1677 -
French and Indian War
The war began with a clash between the English and French over territory and wealth. Small battles were happening for about two years until both parties declared war in 1756. The war ended with the Treaty of Paris which made the French surrender.
http://www.sparknotes.com/history/american/frenchindian/summary.html -
The Proclomation of 1763
The proclomation marked the end of the French and Indian War. It established four new colonies. Provided all lands west of all rivers that flowed into the Pacific Ocean off limits too colonists. Not including the rich Ohio Valley and territory from Ohio to Mississippi.
http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/related/proc63.htm -
Treaty of Paris
John Adams,Benjamin Frankin, John Jay,Thomas Jefferson,and Henry Laurens were selected to negotiate the treaty. The treaty negotiated between the United States and Great Britain. It ended the Revolutionary War. It also recognized American independence.
http://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/treaty-of-paris -
The Treaty of Greenville
The Treaty of Greenville was signed at Fort Greenville. It ended the Northwestern war. The signing of the treaty followed the Indians losing the battle of fallen Timbers. It is now the city of Ohio, Greenville.
http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Treaty_of_Greeneville_(1795)?rec=1418 -
Lewis and Clark Expedition
After the purchase of Louisiana, President Thomas Jefferson issued an expedition of the new land and the surrounding areas. He chose his secretary Meriwether Lewis for the expedition. He was a very smart man. Lewis in turned chose William Clark to accompany him on the expedition.
http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/lewis-clark/ -
Lousiana Purchase
Lousiana is approximately 530,000,000 acres. Lousiana is located in the Southern United States. It was purchased from France. It sold for 15 million U.S. dollars.
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1801-1829/louisiana-purchase -
Tecumseh and the Prophet
Tecumseh was one of the most popular indians in history. His brother, known as "the prophet", is known for a witchcraft craze that resulted in the killing of several people. Together they were two of the most influential indians in history.
http://www.countyhistory.com/history/090.htm -
The Creek War
A civil war was raging within the Creek nations of Alabama and Georgia. On this date the Mississippi Territorial Militia intervened. The war erupted when a new religion spurred up in several towns of the nation. The war ended in 1814.
http://www.exploresouthernhistory.com/creekwar.html -
Indian Removal Act
The act established a process where the President could grant land west of the Mississippi river to indian tribes who ageed to give up their homeland. The law would finance the indian's move to their new land. The new property would also forever be under government protection.
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/indian-treaties -
Worchester vs Virginia
This case was upheld by the Supreme Court. The cherokee indians constituted a nation holding distinct sovreign powers. It took several decisions before there finally was a final decision made. The "worchester" decision is the biggest weapon against state and local encroachment on local powers.
http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/government-politics/worcester-v-georgia-1832 -
Trail of Tears
In the Early 1830s nearly 125,000 Native Americans lived on millions of acres of land. By the emd of the decade lived on this land. The federal government ordered them to leave their homeland and walk many miles to "indian territory". This journey was called the "Trail of Tears".
http://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/trail-of-tears -
Oregon Trail
The oregon trail was a 2, 200 mile east to west route. the trail was for large wheeled wagons and emmigrants. It connected the Missouri river to some valleys in Oregon. Used by 400,000 people.
http://www.oregonpioneers.com/1847.htm -
Gold Discovered in California
The discovery of little pieces of gold in 1848 erupted the 1849 gold rush. Thousands of gold miners travelled to San Francisco in search of gold. There was only about 100,000 people living in California at the time. They found about 2 billion dollars worth of gold.
http://www.history.com/topics/gold-rush-of-1849 -
Passage of the Homestead Act
The act provides land grants to western settlers. President Abraham Lincoln signed the act on this date. On January first, Daniel Freeman convinved a local land official to open the office so he could file a land claim.This made him one of the first to take adantages of the opportunities of the act.
http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/homestead-act/ -
Sand Creek Massacre
On this date in Sand Creek, Ohio over 150 Southern Cheyenne and Arapahoe indians were slaughtered. About half of those slaughtered were women and children. The cheif of the indians, Black Kettle, was one of the main targets. He survived, however.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/-sand-creek-massacre -
Diminished Buffalo Herds
The drought of the 1840s killed many horse and cattle. In 1867 many buffalo. There were still several million left in North America though. In this year hunters began killing buffalo for hides. This killed about 500,000 buffalo.
http://www.fofweb.com/History/MainPrintPage.asp?iPin=EAHVI041&DataType=AmericanHistory&WinType=Free -
Gold in the Black Hills/Ft. Laramie Treaty
The treaty of Laramie gave the lakota people ownership of the Black HIlls. There were promises of gold in the Black HIlls. Many gold miners settled in the Dakota Territory. In their seach for gold some snuck into Black Hills. Those who did were either evacuated by the army or killed by indians for violating the treaty.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/timeline/custer-timeline/ -
Battle of Little Big Horn
On this date a battle happened between U.S.troops and native american forces. The native americans were headed by Chiefs Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull. The U.S. troops were headed by Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer. The U.S troops were defeated.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/battle-of-little-bighorn -
Nez Perce War
General Oliver O. Howard and his army sought out to beat the Nimíipuu. The initial battle was at White Bird. On this date General Howard wass defeated. The Nimíipuu defeated one-third of General Howard's army without any losses of their own. http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~rfrey/422NPconflict1877.htm