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I 1770, Captain James Cook sailed around Australia
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New South Wales was officialy a penal (prison) colony consisting mainly of convicts marines(guards), and the marines' families.
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In 1861,the government officials created boundaries for the colonies that are still in place today
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By this time, many free immigrants were settling there
They built businessess, trading posts, farms etc. -
From 1883-1850s, it was the detination for the hardest of convicted british and Irish criminals, those who were secondary offenders having re-offended after their arrival in Austrila.
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The coomon wealth was established
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Australia Act; all legal ties with the Bill empire were severed
today Australia is a parliamentary democracy -
in 1787, british ships called the 'First Fleet" left england with continents to establish a prison colony
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55% of votes rejected the idea of becoming an independent republic
