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Balfour Declaration
The Balfour Declaration was a letter from British Foreign Secretary, Arthur James Balfour, to Lord Rothschild that stated the British support of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. The Balfour Declaration led the League of Nations to assign the United Kingdom with the Palestine Mandate in 1922. -
Palestine Become British Mandate
After the seperation of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the WWI, Israel (Palestine) became a mandate of the British Empire. The Ottomans were initially defeated at the beginning of World War I, and Palestine was brought under British military control for the rest of the war. The British made the quality of life better for the Jews and Arabs in Palestine, improving the water and food supply, fighting diseases, and enhancing communications. -
Holocaust
The Holocaust was the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of about ix million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. The Nazis believed that Germans were "acially superior and that the Jews were inferior, and they were a threat to the German community. The hatred of Jews is known as anti-semitism, which was also going on in the middle east. Also, the zionist movement, which was the movement of Jews. -
Six Day War
The Israelis defended the war as a preventative military effort to counter what the Israelis saw as an impending attack by Arab nations that surrounded Israel. The Six-Day War was initiated by General Moshe Dayan, the Israeli’s Defence Minister. Israel took over The West Bank, Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip, and Golan Heights. -
Arab Oil Embargo
Arab members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) imposed an embargo against the United States in retaliation for the U.S. decision to re-supply the Israeli military and to gain leverage in the post-war peace negotiations. Arab OPEC members also extended the embargo to other countries that supported Israel including the Netherlands, Portugal, and South Africa. The embargo both banned petroleum exports to the targeted nations and introduced cuts in oil production. -
Yom Kippur War
When the fourth Arab-Israeli war began on October 6, 1973, many of Israel’s soldiers were away from their posts observing Yom Kippur and the Arab armies made impressive advances with their up-to-date Soviet weaponry. Iraqi forces soon joined the war, and Syria received support from Jordan. After several days, Israel was fully mobilized, and the Israel Defense Forces began beating back the Arab gains at a heavy cost to soldiers and equipment. A U.S. airlift of arms aided Isreel. -
Jimmy Carter Becomes President
Jimmy Carter played a big role in the Middle East. He was the one who invited Israeli Prime Minister and Egyptian President to Camp David, resulting in the Camp David Accords. He was also involved in the Iran Hostage Crisis. -
Camp David Accords
Called for a formal peace treaty to be signed between Isreal and Egypt within 3 months. Jimmy Carter invited Iraeli Prime Minister and Egyptian president to camp david. As a result, Egypt recognizes Israel's right to exist as a free, sovereign nation, Isreal agreed to return Sinai peninsula to Egyptian control, and they both promised peaceful relations. -
Iran Hostage Crisis
Diplomatic crisis between Iran and the United States. 52 American diplomats and citizens were held hostage for 444 days. In Iran, the hostage was seen as a blow against the United States and its influence in Iran. They took them hostage as blackmail because the United States attempted to undermine the Iranian revolution and its longstanding support of the recently overthrown Shah of Iran. -
Soviets Invade Afghanistan
The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan to support the communist government in that country. Adding Afghanistan to the Soviet sphere of influence would expand its buffer zone against the non-communist countries of Iran and Pakistan. It would also bring Russia closer to the Middle East and further influence other Arab nations. It's also been revealed that the Americans gently prodded the Soviets to enter Afghanistan to further drain its money and military resources. -
Ronald Reagan Becomes President
He was involved in the Iran Hostage Crisis. He also had his own peace proposal for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, his plan upheld the goals of the Camp David Accords, and disapproved of Israel's establishment of any new settlements in these areas. Also, that at the end of a transitional period, the best form of government for the West Bank and the Gaza Strip would be self-government by the resident Palestinian population in association with Jordan. -
Operation Desert Storm
The Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Storm (17 January 1991 – 28 February 1991) was a war waged by coalition forces from 34 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait. Kuwait's invasion by Iraqi troops that began 2 August 1990 was met with international condemnation, and brought immediate economic sanctions against Iraq by members of the U.N. Security Council. -
Bill Clinton Presidency
On July 16, Bill Clinton was sworn into office as the president of the United States. During his presidency, he created the Anti-Terrorism Law on April 24, 1996 after the devastation of a federal building in Oklahoma City. Clinton also tried ending the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. In July, 2000, he ordered a peace summit between palestinisn leader Araf and Israeli leader Barak. The summit ended without an agreement. -
World Trade Center
On February 26, the muslims planned a truck bomb and planted it below the north tower in a parking garage. The plan was to take down both towers with one bomb and it was believed to do so if the bomb was placed at a certain spot. The explosion failed to do so, but killed 6 people. The Arabs warned that there would be a series of bombings to occur after this attack if it didn't go through. -
Centrazbat 1997
The Central Asian Battalion was formed by Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan in December 1995 as a peacekeeping unit to provide peace and stability in Central Asia. Centrazbat has held international exercises in Central Asia to learn other nations' tactics. Soldiers from the United States, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Georgia, Russia, Turkey, and Uzbekistan participated in the first set of exercises in 1997 in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. -
Embassy Bombing in Kenya
Series of attacks in which hundreds of people were killed in with truck bomb explosions at the embassies of the United States in the East African cities of Dar es Salaam and Nairobi. The date of the bombings marked the eighth anniversary of the arrival of American forces in Saudi Arabia. The attacks were linked to local members of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad, brought Osama bin Laden and his terrorist organization al-Qaeda, to the attention of the American public for the first time. -
Embassy Bombing in Tanzania
On August 27, 1998, the muslims sent a truck bomb to the rear enterance of the Embassy in Tanzania. The result ended with 224 people killed in Kenya and 4,650 others wounded. United States claimed Bin Laden planned attack. In return to attack, president Clinton ordered a series of missile strikes on Sudan and Afghanistan. -
U.S.S. Cole
On October 12, the terrorist organization, Al-Queda, planned a suicide attack on a US Navy ship while it was docked to refeul in Yemen. The results of the attack ended with 17 American sailors killed. This was known as the deadliest attack against a US Navy ship since 1987. This attack was planned after the failure of attack on a US Destroyer ship, USS Sullivans at port at Aden on January 3. -
Iraq 2001-Present
In 2001, US and Iraq declared war due to the recent attack on the world trade center in New York. US invaded Iraq hoping to find weapons and evidence that the iraqi's were the ones who planned the attack. On March 20, US invades Iraq with satelitte tomahawk cruise missile atttack in Bagdad. April 10, fall of Bagdad and Sudam Husseein. Dec 13, Hussein captured and execution Dec 30 of Hussein. On Aug. 10 2010, American combat in Iraq end. -
George H. W. Bush Presidency
On January 20, George H W Bush was sworn into office as the president of the United States. During his presidency, he planned an attack on Afghanistan on October 7, to capture Bin Laden, but failed to do so. In 2001, Iran provided tactical and intelligence support to America's effort in Afghanistan. Bush also attenpted to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict but failed to do so. He also attempted to captture Sudam Huessein but did not end the Iraq War. -
George W. Bush Becomes President
George W. Bush was the president during the attacks on September 11th by Osama Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda. The Bush administration worked quietly with and through the United Nations to gain the hostages’ release. President Bush supported a policy, which was consistent with what he inherited from President Reagan, trying to build a political and commercial relationship with Iraq, in the hopes of controlling its behavior and offsetting Iranian power. -
World Trade Center 2001
Two passenger airliners were hijacked by al-Qaeda terrorists so they could be flown into buildings in suicide attacks. Those planes were crashed into the North and South towers. Within two hours, both towers collapsed. Osama bin Laden, initially denied any involvement, in 2004, he claimed responsibility for the attacks. Al-Qaeda and Bin Laden said the U.S. support of Israel and the presence of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia were motives for the attacks. -
Alaskan Pipeline
With war brewing in the Middle East and an oil embargo threatening, where would the United States get the petroleum it needed? To resolve this problem, they built an underground pipeline .
