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Period: Jan 1, 1100 to
Expulsions of Jews in Europe from 1100 to 1600.
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Period: Jan 1, 1251 to Jan 1, 1320
The Seventh Crusade
The Shepherds' Crusade refers to separate events from the 13th and 14th century. The first took place in 1251 during the Seventh Crusade; the second occurred in 1320. -
Jan 1, 1290
Edict of Expulsion of the Jews from England
In 1290, King Edward I issued an edict expelling all Jews from England. The expulsion edict remained in force for the rest of the Middle Ages. -
Jan 1, 1306
Philip IV expels the Jews from France.
Philip the Fair expelled the Jews from France in 1306. With the Jews gone, Philip appointed royal guardians to collect the loans made by the Jews, and the money was passed to the Crown. The scheme did not work well. The Jews were regarded to be good businessmen who satisfied their customers, while the king's collectors were universally unpopular. -
Jan 1, 1320
The seventh crusade
At the fortress of Montclus in 1320 over 300 Jews were killed and James' son Alfonso was sent out to bring them under control with those responsible for the massacre executed. After this the crusade dispersed. -
Period: Jan 1, 1348 to Jan 1, 1350
Black Death Jewish persecutions
As the plague swept across Europe in the mid-14th century, annihilating nearly half the population, Jews were taken as scapegoats, in part because better hygiene among Jewish communities and isolation in the ghettos meant in some places that Jews were less affected. Accusations spread that Jews had caused the disease by deliberately poisoning wells. -
Feb 14, 1349
Strasbourg massacre
The Strasbourg massacre occurred when several hundred Jews were publicly burnt to death, and the rest of them expelled from the city as part of the Black Death persecutions.
In January 1349, burnings of Jews took place in Basel and Freiburg, and on 14 February the Jewish community in Strasbourg was destroyed. -
May 23, 1421
Jews of Austria imprisoned & expelled
With the increasing power of reformist movements and the related loss of power for the Catholic Church, hostility against Jews increased; being non-Catholic, they were often seen as collaborators of anti-imperial, protestant forces. In the course of the Hussite Wars (named after the Bohemian reformist Jan Hus), many Jews were expelled from Austria in 1420 and 1421. -
Jan 1, 1453
The stake in Breslau, Poland.
In the course of the 14th century, Jews were expelled from Breslau several times (1319, 1349, 1360). In 1453, 41 Jews were burned at the stake and the rest expelled after they had been accused of desecrating the *Host by the Franciscan John of *Capistrano . -
Apr 19, 1506
Huge Jew slaughter in Lisbon
On Sunday 19 April 1506,the city of Lisbon was convulsed by an explosion of blood shed that lasted four days and is estimated to have resulted in the violent deaths of anywhere between 1,000 to 4,000 men, women and children.The victims were the so-called “NewChristians”, the Portuguese Jews forced to convert to Christianity by King ManuelI in 1497. -
Rodrigo López (Queen Elizabeth's physician) death
Rodrigo Lopez was known to be a Marrano (a hidden Jew). In 1586, he was made Queen Elizabeth's physician. His success continued as he neared retirement.
In October 1593, Lopez was wealthy and generally respected. Subsequently, Robert Devereux accused Lopez of conspiring with Spanish emissaries to poison the Queen. Lopez was arrested on 1 January 1594, and hanged on 7 June.
The Queen herself was uncertain of his guilt and delayed his execution. Lopez maintained his innocence and his true convers -
William Shakespeare wrote The Merchant of Venice.
The Merchant of Venice is a play by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1596 and 1598. Though classified as a comedy and sharing certain aspects with Shakespeare's other romantic comedies, the play is perhaps most remembered for its dramatic scene. It is best know for Shylock's speech and Portia's speech about "the quality of mercy". Bassanio is considered as the central hero of the story.
