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Mars is different
Johannes Kepler was a German mathematician, astronomer, and a astrologer. He would study and create images of the planets planetary motion. Johannes Kepler discovered that mars has no elliptical orbit unlike other planets. Mercury, Pluto and Mars have visual gravitational orbits, while Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and Uranus have elliptical orbits. -
Microscope discovery
Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer, physicist, engineer, and a philosopher. Galileo had been the first person to see mars through a microscope, he would observe the plants rotational movements and would document them and would compare planet to planet based on observations. -
Mars drawing
Christiaan Huygens was a prominent Dutch mathmetitian and a scientist who was mainly known as an astronomer, a physicist, a probabilist and a horologist. Christiaan Huygens drew Mars using an advanced telescope of his own design. -
Time difference
Giovanni Cassini determines mars rotational period is 24 hours, 40 minutes compared to the 24 hour rotational period of earth -
"White Spots"
Giacomo Maraldi had been observing Mars when he had noticed that there were a few white spots spaced out on Mars. When he noticed the white spots he could not make a decision on what they were so he looked into them some more. -
Ice caps
Maraldi had noticed there were "White Spots" on Mars and they were decreasing in size slowly so after he continued to observe them he had made the assumption that the "White Spots" were ice caps. -
"Yellow Clouds"
Honore Flaugergues, a French amateur astronomer, notices yellow clouds on the surface of Mars, which were later found to be dust clouds which would prove that there was a gravitational field that was playing a role in the continuous movement of the dust clouds. -
Sea and Ground discovery
William Whewell concludes that Mars has green seas and red land, and wonders if there is extraterrestrial life. The observations from the Ice caps on Mars and the Dust Clouds are proving there has to be a source of water and a source or wind. The physical land of Mars is a reddish tone with brown mixed. The physical properties are suitable to live on. -
Water vapor
Pierre Jules Janssen , Sir William Huggins make the first attempt to detect water vapor and oxygen spectroscopically. The previous observations of the "White Spots" had been a sign of water on Mars proving that it would be possible to survive with a source of water, and the dust clouds proving that there is a source of winds and that it would be possible for another species to live on Mars. -
Mars Publication
Percival Lowell published Mars after years and years of observing the physical features, and the observations of the rotational periods and the distance away from the sun, Mars was finally published.
