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The Independence of Mexico was the consequence of a political and social process resolved with arms, which put an end to Spanish rule in most of the territories of New Spain.
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The Texas Declaration of Independence was the formal declaration of independence of the Republic of Texas from Mexico in the Texas Revolution.
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The Mexican cession or territories lost by Mexico are the territories that Mexico was forced to cede to the United States to end the military occupation of the country, as a consequence of the US intervention in Mexico.
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The US intervention in Mexico, also called the Mexican-American War or the United States-Mexico War, was a warlike conflict that pitted Mexico against the United States.
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The Reform War, also known as the 3-year war, was a civil war that took place in Mexico from 1858 to January 10, 1861. The nation was divided into two large groups: Liberals and Conservatives; they both fought for their ideals.
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The Second Mexican Empire was the name of the State ruled by Maximilian of Hapsburg as Emperor of Mexico, formed from the second French intervention between 1863 and 1867.