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stroming of the Bastle (July 14) Declaration of the rights of Man and the Citzen (August 26)
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It affirmed the rights of men to liberty, property, security an resistance to opresion
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son of a rich Corsican family, Napoleon was given command of the French army in Italy
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he created a new Constitution with no separation of powers
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During the Napoleonic invasion, local Juntas were creayed
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a popular revolt began in Madrid, the Peninsula War.
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The indepentists won several battles and soon Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, Venezuela, Perú, bolivia, Uruguay and Mexico declared their independence by 1826.
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Liberalism is the result of the political enlighment ideals adopted by the bourgeoisie as the best alternative to absolutism.
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After the 1814 restoration in France, the Bourbons established again an absolute Monarchy, although with certain liberal concessions. First, led by Louis XVIII, then by his brother Charles X.
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1848 saw a number of Revolutions all around Europe. These revolutions were a mix of liberal and national revolutions, hence historians call 1848 The Spring of Nations.