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Underground Railroad
Network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th-century black slaves in the United States to escape from slavery. Lead by Harriet Tubman. Traveled from Southern United States to Canada for freedom. Abolitionists, both black and white, free and enslaved, who aided the fugitives. -
Wilmot Proviso
Wilmot Proviso banned slavery from the land gained from mexico. The Proviso never passed both both houses of congress,but it did start an intense national debate over slavery that led to the creation of the antislavery Republican Party in 1854. -
Gold Rush
The gold rush was founded by James Marshall, at Sutter's Mill.
Thousands of people go to California by boats, foot etc in look of gold. California was a very dangerous territory. It was in the year of 1849. The gold seekers were known as the forty-niners. -
Election of 1848
Zachary was the first wigged president.
The events leading up to the civil war are Political.
Zachary taylor had 163 electoral votes. Zachary taylor was known as the war hero. -
Fugitive Slave Law
Passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850 as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slaveholders and Northern free soilers. Heightened northers fear of “Slave Power Conspiracy.” It declared that all runaway slaves were, upon capture, to be returned to their masters. the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 made any Federal marshal or other official who did not arrest an alleged runaway slave liable to a fine of $1,000. -
Personal Liberty Laws
Northerners tried to make it more difficult for slaves captures to capture slaves. Series of legislation that were implemented in the United States between the 1800s and the beginning of the civil war. These laws were a direct response to the Fugitive Slave Acts of 1793 and of 1850. Designed to make the legal system more fair for all people and to ensure the safety of freedmen and escaped slaves without employing the controversial tactic of nullification. -
Uncle Toms Cabin
Anti-slavery novel written by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852. “Helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War", according to Will Kaufman. Stowe, a Connecticut-born teacher at the Hartford Female Academy and an active abolitionist, featured the character of Uncle Tom, a long-suffering black slave around whom the stories of other characters revolve. Depicts the reality of slavery while also asserting that Christian love can overcome something as destructive -
Bleeding Kansas
- Determined whether or not Kansas would be a free state or a slave state.
- Bleeding Kansas was named after all the fighting that happened in Kansas. One of the most publicized events that occurred in Bleeding Kansas was when on May 21, 1856 Border Ruffians ransacked Lawrence, Kansas which was known to be a staunch free-state area.
- Important People : Charles Sumner & Preston Brooks.
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Brooks-Sumner Affair
- Violence of attack hinted at Civil War to come
- Brooks-Sumner Affair happened when Pro-slavery congressman Preston Brooks attacked antislavery Senator Charles Sumner on floor of Senate. Brooks began beating the unsuspecting Sumner savagely with a gold-tipped wooden cane
- Important People : Charles Sumner & Preston Brooks.
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Dred Scott Case
- In March of 1857, the United States Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice Roger B. Taney, declared that all blacks -- slaves as well as free -- were not and could never become citizens of the United States. The court also declared the 1820 Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, thus permitting slavery in all of the country's territories.
- Important People : Roger B. Dred Scott & Sanford
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Lincoln Douglas debates
- Led Lincoln to presidency
- The Lincoln-Douglas debates were a series of formal political debates between the challenger, Abraham Lincoln, and the incumbent, Stephen A. Douglas, in a campaign for one of Illinois' two United States Senate seats. Although Lincoln lost the election, these debates launched him into national prominence which eventually led to his election as President of the United States.
- Abraham Lincoln & Stephen A. Douglas.
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John Brown's Raid
John Brown’s Raid John Brown is a white male that tried to start a slave rebellion by stealing weapons from the arsenal. There was a problem, john did not inform anyone of his plan therefore he failed. For this he was hanged but recognized as national figure.
This event took place in Harper’s Ferry , 21 people helped with the rebellion but were taken down or arrested by farmers and marines led by Robert E. Lee a general. -
South Carolina Seceded
After the election of 1860( Abraham Lincoln becomes president) , south Carolina was not happy so the state seceded from the union along with other southern states.The reason for this being is that Abraham Lincoln was from a new political party and he was the first one of the party in the white house. Southern states wanted their slave property but the northern was trying to change the way things.South Carolina seceding consists of Abraham Lincoln, James L. Petigru( South Carolina unionist) and t -
Confederacy Formed
As soon as South Carolina left the Union many other southern states left as well. All these states that left joined together and there was formed The Confederacy. These states were all the ones opposed to the Union.
The Confederacy met in Montgomery, Alabama and the states that followed/ were part of the confederate states were Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. -
Ft. Sumter
Ft. Sumter was base of the union in south Carolina, the soldiers that were there asked Lincoln for help. The soldiers there were starving and Lincoln had to make a hard decision on whether to help or not . If he helped south Carolina would assume we were preparing for war but if he didn't help they would have died. Lincoln sent food to the soldiers and South Carolina fired the first shots that began the civil war.
This was between the union,confederate state and the soldiers at Ft. Sumter.
