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The first jail opens in Pennsylvania known as the Walnut Street Jail
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During 1790-1825 penitentiaries were used to house inmates for penance and rehabilition to reform them into productive citizens. (Schmallanger, 2003)
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Prison's begin to becom over populated due to the increase in crime.
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First time women were seperated from men while in prison.
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The purpose of this era was to make prison life more human for the inamtes. Goal was to make prisoners more fit for society.
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During this year there was an increase in prison security and safety. Concerns for the rise in cost to incarcerate offenders.
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In this year more crimes were being commited,causing over crowding in many prisons.
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The famous Alcatraz was opened to house the nations worst offenders.
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The term "pay debt to society" came into effect. Offenders were sentenced to longert jail/prison sentences to keep society safe. Prison was used for punishment.
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This era was used to treat the soldiers from World Was 2. Soldiers were treated with mental health, thereapy, counseling and education.
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During this era the saying "Nothing Works" was used to describe the prison system. Many felt as if the priosn system did not work to reform offenders and they could not be changed to fit into society.
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The use of punishment was used instead of deterrence. Many inmates had limited privilegaes while in prison.
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Federal prisons are ran by the Federal Bureau and house inmates convicted of federal crimes.
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State prisons are ran by the State. these prisons house inmates convicted of crimes like drug related, DUI, probation violation etc.
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The United States is the world's leader in incarceration with 2.2 million people currently in the nation's prisons or jails -- a 500% increase over the past thirty years. These trends have resulted in prison overcrowding and state governments being overwhelmed by the burden of funding a rapidly expanding penal system, despite increasing evidence that large-scale incarceration is not the most effective means of achieving public safety.
