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Muhammad was born in an oasis town of Mecca. The town was a great market place. Later in his life he became a great merchant and he married a a woman named Khadija a wealtyhb widow.
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Muhammad was a kind man and noble man he did not like the of how his life was going. One night the angel gabriel spoke to muhammad saying he will be the messenger of god
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After Gabriel had spoken to muhammad. A few people listened to muhammad and his teachings,but his teachings angered some people. So muhammad and his followers left mecca and went on a journey to medina called the Hijra.
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After muhammad died he did not name a successor. So they named Abu bakr the successor he was muhammads father in law. He was named the caliph the successor of muhammad.
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Muhammad dies in 632 AD.Before he died him and his followers returned to mecca after winning battles against the meccans. Then he destroyed all the idols in kaaba.The kaaba was the temple that muslims worship in
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After muhammads death there was disagreements of who the next caliph should be. So some people thought a good male memeber of society should lead they were called the sunnis.Then the sias thought a male memebr of muhammads family should lead.
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After muhammad had died ther was a dispute of who the next caliph would be.So after a couple of years ali became the caliph. He reigned from 656 to 661.
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After ali had died a clan set up the umayyad dynasty.Took control they were a dynasty of sunni caliphs.They ruled the muslim empire till 750 AD.
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The umayyad dynasty ends in 750 AD. Because there territory was expanding so much. The umayyad dynasty was ganing so much territory that they could not manage itand outside invaders posed a threat.
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After the umayyad dynasty had fallen the Abbasid dynasty had risen. The dynasty had been formed by muhammads uncle. Abu al abbus had created the dynasty the abassids.
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The house of wisdom was wher scholars got toghter. They excahnged theri ideas and discovered new things and they invented new things.
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The abassids moved the capital to baghdad in iraq. It was a small market down the tigris river. They moved it into persian territory.
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The pope called the first crusade. He called it because ther was a conflict with christians traveling into jersualem . The new power there in the middle east caused that.
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The abassid empire had fallen in 1258. They had fallen because of outside invaders. That the mongols had invaded the abbasids.
