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Muhhamad the most important prophet to the Muslim faith is born c.570 the exact date is not known,
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Muhammad recieves a vision while praying in a cave outside Mecca of the angel Gabriel instructing him to spread the word of Allah
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After hearing of a plot to take his life Muhammad and a small group of followers flee the city and head for Medina. This moment becomes known as the Migration or Hijra.
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In retaliation of a raid on his Allies Muhammad gathers an army and takes Mecca in a near bloodless victory.
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Muhammad dies of a high fever.
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Shortly after the death of Muhammad there is a dispute over inheritance of power. The minority Shiites believed ,ibn Ali, Muhammad's cousin should rule. The majority Sunnis believed Abu Bakr as-Siddiq one of Muhammads closest companions had the right. This lead to a division of the faith where tensions still exist to this day.
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An army of Christian Turks takes Jerusalem in the First Crusade and massacres everybody inside and destroys much of the city and its mosques.
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Saladin unites most of the Muslim empire and retakes Jerusalem from the Christians.
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After the refusal of terms by Al-Musta'sim the Mongols siege and sack Baghdad (one of the largest symbols of Islam at the time) slaughtering everyone inside.
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The foundation of the most succesful Muslim Empire to date in c.1299