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570
The Birth of Muhammad
The birth of Muhammad was a notable date, because Muhammad changed the world in the way certain groups of people viewed it. Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 A.D. His father died before he was born, and his mother died when he was 6. Afterwards, he went to live with his uncle to pursue his childhood upbringing. Eventually, ideas from Muhammad
would evolve and we would later see the birth of a new religion. -
Jan 1, 610
Encountering Gabriel
While Muhammad was meditating in the hills, he came across an unexpected guest. Muhammad believed that Gabriel, an angel of God, was sent down to Earth to give Muhammad the final revelations known as the Quran.Through this belief, Muhammad changed a civilization. -
Jan 1, 610
Life in Mecca as a Merchant
Though this event might seem little in importance, it serves a purpose into the reason why Muhammad even got interested in religion. He was troubled by the growing gap between the Bedouin value of honesty and generosity(he was also troubled by other concerns). Because of this, he wandered into the hills to meditate, and he soon met an unexpected being. -
Jan 1, 613
Muhammad gains 30 followers in Mecca
The first remnant of followers that Muhammud adopted were the start of the Musilims. A group of 30, Muhammud set out with these people to spread the word he was the prophet, and his teachings were the final revelations sent from Allah. -
Jan 1, 622
Muhammad's retreat to Medina (Hegira)
This flight marked the first date on the official calender of Islam. At the city of Medina, Muhammad was doing well at persuading new followers. He was able to gain support from the city, and started the first Musilim community. -
Jan 1, 630
Muhammad conquers Mecca
When Muhammad conquered Mecca, he started a revolution. This would spread the word of Islam through war. War would lead to triumphs for the Musilim community. -
Jan 1, 632
Muhammad Dies
Muhammad's death posed the problem of who would claim his succession. The successor would be the next ruler of the Islamic community, contributing to the spread of Islam. -
Jan 1, 632
Abu Bakr becomes the Caliph (significance of the caliph)
Abu Bakr was the first caliph in the Islamic civilization. He was the first successor to Muhammad. His relation to Muhammad would be that he was the father-in-law. He was also a close companion and trusted friend. He dealt with the problem of the Bedouin nomadic tribes around the Arabian peninsula. -
Jan 1, 632
Bedouin Tribes begin to be conquered
The start of the defeat of the Bedouin tribes began when Abu Bakr became the Caliph. The significance the defeat of the Bedouin tribes had was it started the official spread of Islam outside of Mecca. -
Jan 1, 636
Musilims defeat the Byzantine army of the Yarmouck river
This event marks the beginning of an empire.It's incredible to think that one simple battle would lead to the conquest of nations outside of Arabia. -
Jan 1, 661
Rise of the Umayyads
The rise of the Umayyads came through the family of Caliph Mu'awiya. The rule of the Umayyads contributed to the spread of Islam by conquering the Berbers along the Mediterranean coast and seizing several islands in the Mediterranean. -
Period: Jan 1, 750 to Jan 1, 1258
The Establishment of the Abbasids
The establishment of the Abbasids came about in the empire when Abu al-abbas, a descendant of Muhammad's uncle, overthrew the Umayyads. The Abbasids brought about a cultural change to the Islamic empire. -
Jan 1, 1000
Threat of the Seljuk Turks
The threat of the Seljuk Turks came about when the Seljuk Turks flourished as military mercenaries. They grew in number, and were able to occupy the eastern provinces of the Abbasid empire. Then, a Turkish leader took control of Baghdad and declared himself Sultan, being the real ruler behind the scenes of the Islamic Empire. -
sources
Works Cited
"The Rightly-Guided Caliphs (632-661)." Islamic History: The Caliphs. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Apr. 2014.
Dukier, William J. Essential World History. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print. -
Sunnis and Shiities
The importance of the Sunnis and Shiites was it "divided" the peoples of the empire. Ali's son, Hussein, debated the legitimacy of the Umayyads. His supporters were known as the Shiites. In 680, the Shiites were defeated by the Sunnis. Since then there has been division among the peoples of the Islamic community.
