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Apache and Novajo wars begin
Clashes drag on between the U.S. military and the Apache from 1861 until Geronimo surrenders in 1886. -
Sand Creek Massacre
Colorado territory militia attacked Cheyenne and Arapaho -
Red River War Begins
Southern plains Indians relocated to Oklahoma Indian Territory under 1867 Treaty of Medicine Lodge. After buffalo hunters destroy the Indians’ food supply, Comanche warriors race to buffalo grazing areas in Texas panhandle to kill hunters. Sherman and Sheridan defeat warriors and open panhandle to cattle ranching -
Red River war ends
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Battle of Little Bighorn
federal troops led by Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer fought against a band of Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne warriors. -
Nez Pearce
Joseph leads some 700 men, women, and children on a 1,400 mile flight. His 200 warriors hold off Mile’s 2,000 soldiers until halted 40 miles short of Canada. Send to Indian Territory, many die of disease. In 1885, survivors moved to reservation in Washington territory. -
Apache and Novajo wars end
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Wounded Knee Massacre
A scuffle over the rifle escalated, and a shot was fired which resulted in the 7th Cavalry's opening fire indiscriminately from all sides, killing men, women, and children, as well as some of their fellow soldiers.
