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Under the leadership of Ghandi, India launched a countrywide independence movement. Power was transferred from British imperialism to The Consituent Assembly. India gained liberty and became a free country under the first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharal Nehru.
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India first goes to war with Pakistan. It was the beginning of long history of disputes over the border and territories. Tensions between India and Pakistan have been recurrent throughout their history and have led to much fighting.
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Gandhi was shot by a Hindu extremist after the revolution that led to India's independece.
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Written by Dr. Babasaheb, the constitution was framed to make India the world's biggest democracy. The country was united under this constitution despite diversity in culture and religions.
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India's first Institute of technology was established in Kharagpur. This was their first major university and was set up with plans to build 6 more in the future. In order to get in, students had to pass a very tough entrance exam.
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This war was a dispute in over the Kashmiri province and territorial boundaries. It was resolved yet tensions between Pakistan and India continued.
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Pakistan launched air strikes on 11 Indian airbases. This war was only 13 days, and considered one of the shortest wars in India history. Pakistan signed the Instrument of Surrender ending the war.
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In 1980 India stopped trying to liberalize the economy and any progress towards an open economy after independence was stopped. Instead they closed their economy and did not participate in the global market.This caused their economy to suffer greatly.
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Finance Minister Manmohan Singh began to take steps towards opening up India's market to foreign investment and thereby introducing competition to businesses and individuals in the global market.
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India tests nuclear weapons causing tensions with foreign countries and condemnation internationally. One reaction was that the US placed sanctions on the county.
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Pratibha Patil was elected as the first woman president of India. This showed a large step towards ending sexism and gender inequality.
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India's economy was at about $4.002 trillion dollars, making it account for 6.3% of the global income, and the third largest in terms of actual GDP.
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Educational system divided into different levels (pre-primary, primary, elementary, secondary, undergraduate, and post-graduate). Education made free for children between ages of 6 and 14. Indian higher education system is now third largest in world.
