Important Australia Dates By ngriffiths Jan 1, 1770 Captain James Cook claimed eastern Australia for England Captain James Cook claimed eastern Australia for England Jan 26, 1788 The first fleet arrived in Australia (Botany Bay) and settled there Jan 1, 1854 Australias most bloody civil battle when the miners fought against the police and soldiers at Eureka Jan 1, 1901 Australia become a Nation Jan 1, 1915 Anzac at Galliponi Jan 1, 1942 Australia Attacked Jan 1, 2000 Australia Hosts Olympics