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UK was the most important economic and financial power in the world under the reign of Queen Victoria. They conquered most of Africa, India and Burma, Australia and New Zealand, Canada and some Caribbean islands, etc.
But, in the end, UK lost its industrial primacy in favor of Germany, who was ruled by William II. -
It enabled steel to be obtained from iron and incorporated copper and aluminium
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Even though, in Russia, an autocratic system with no power in the Parliament ruled.
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USA colonized the central prairies which were industrialized fast
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A dual monarchy formed by the two crowns of Hungary and Austria, but each with its own organisation.
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In Japan, the Meiji Revolution changed the feudal monarchy by a constitutional parliamentary system, which converted Japan into a more important country.
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IT BEGAN IN UK AND GERMANY. Was based in the new use of energy and changes in work organization.
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They were secret diplomacy alliances created by Bismarck. Their objective was to isolate France, Germany's enemy. In the end, after many years in which conflicts were most avoided, this alliance failed.
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This deal was signed by Russia, Germany and Austria. It was signed to avoid the possible alliance between France, Russia and Austria. But in the end failed because they all wanted more and more territories.
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Germany arranged a deal that would assure Russia neutrality in case of a war between Germany and France and neutrality of Germany in case of war between Russia and UK.
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Germany got a deal with Austria-Hungary and Italy.
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Major powers investigated the African continent, but, to prevent conflicts, in this conference, some rules were established by Germany in Berlin. At the same time, Russia became Germanys official enemy.
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Bismarck renews the Triple Alliance and signs new deals with Italy, Spain and UK.
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Signed with Russia a secret deal that guarantees Germany neutrality in case of war between Austria-Hungary and Russia.
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Germany became the second most important economic power of the world thanks to him.
In 1914 his reign ended, and therefore, the end of Germany to be the second most important economic power in the world. -
Labour internationalism was revived by its formation. It was a federation of socialist and labour parties based on Marxist principles.
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Peace was maintained during these years, but alliances were started to be created to anticipate the war. Made 2 alliance blocs: ‘’Triple Alliance’’ (Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy) and ‘’Triple Entente'’ (France, Russia and UK).’
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allowed energy to be transported and ended the need to build industries next to energy sources.
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They were trying to conquer the east, but in Manchuria they were stopped by the Japanese.
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This is one of the causes of the Fist World War beginning. These wars form part of the political conflicts cause, specifically the nationalistic cause in which Austro-Hungarian and Turkish Empires confronted in this wars. Other causes were territorial (France claimed some territories from Germany, as well as Italy and Austria-Hungary) and colonial (clashes between powers for the control of some territories such as Africa).
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This was the immediate cause of the beginning of this war with the murder of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to Austria-Hungarys throne. This nation instantly declared the war to Serbia, who received Russian support.
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The war has started. Sixteen nations are involved. It is a massive war.
Germany won France in order to try to defeat Russia. But later on, France resisted at the Battle of the Marne, and Germany advanced fist through Prussia so Russia had to send troops to the Eastern Front. -
Fronts were established by extensive lines of trenches very well protected. At this point, it became a global conflict, due to the entrance of Portugal, Japan, Bulgaria, Rumania and Italy.
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USA joined the war in 1917 supporting Russia and its allies. And, after the Russian triumph in a communist revolution and after the sign of the treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
In 1918, the allies launched an offensive in all fronts, producing Central Powers to surround them, but at the same time, UK president, Woodrow Willson, set out the principles for world peace, ''Fourteen Points'' -
They defeated countries, signed treaties and had to reduce their armies, pay war reparations and make territorial concessions. Under the Treaty of Versailles, Germany lost a part of its territory. The League of Nations was created in 1919 for promoting peace.
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Japan conquered Korea, placed a protectorate over Manchuria and, later on, expanded their empire over the coast of China.