-
The age of enlightenment
It was a cultural movement that spread from France throughout Europe in the 18th century. It defended the use of reason and logic as a means of knowledge. Its translation into politics meant criticism of the institutions of the Ancien Régime and, in particular, of the absolute monarchy. -
The War of Spanish Succession
It was an international conflict over the succession to the Spanish throne after the death of Charles II.
Some 600,000 civilian and military deaths.
The devastation of the north-east of the Iberian Peninsula.
Recognition of Philip V as king of Spain, but without the right to occupy the French throne. -
Illustrated kings
Sovereign who accepted the principles of the Enlightenment and wished to put them into practice in order to make the state more efficient, to the benefit of the state and its subjects.
He provided a major boost to the sciences and arts in Europe during his time, spreading the Enlightenment ideas that, ironically, would function as the fuse that ignited the revolution. -
British Industrial Revolution
It was the process of change from an agrarian and artisanal economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing.
The mechanisation of labour and the emergence of large factories, changes in the economic and social structure, and the mass exodus of inhabitants from rural areas to the cities. -
The American revolution
The American War of Independence was a war that pitted the original Thirteen British Colonies in North America against the Kingdom of Great Britain.
It affected Native Americans by opening up Western settlements and creating governments hostile to their territorial claims, ending the mercantilist economy and opening up new opportunities in trade and manufacturing. -
Nationalism
They emerge in periods of nation-state development. National movements are connected to problems of societal development and respond to the phenomena of national economy, politics and society. -
The French revolution
It was a social and political process that developed in France whose main consequences were the abolition of the absolute monarchy and the proclamation of the Republic, eliminating the economic and social bases of the Ancien Régime. -
Spanish War of Independence
It was caused by the conquest of the Spanish nation by Napoleon's troops, taking advantage of its military and political weakness, forcing the Spanish monarchs to abdicate and Napoleon's brother, Joseph I, was crowned king.Consequences such as the ruin of agriculture and loss of trade with America, liberal ideas were imposed and there were a large number of deaths and emigration of Afrancesados. -
Battle Of Waterloo
Napoleon Bonaparte's escape from the island of Elba and his return to France, where he received a hero's welcome. The flight of King Louis XVIII from Paris and the new coronation of Napoleon were the causes. It led to the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte and the fall of the French Empire, changed the course of Europe with the Congress of Vienna, redefined the borders of the continental countries and strengthened the absolute monarchies. -
Imperialism
It is a political doctrine that seeks to impose the supremacy of one state over others by conquering or controlling territories where more backward peoples live.