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Henry the Navigator funded large and many explorations for Portugal. He effectively started the race for the New World, discovered part of Africa, and made many maps -
The Medicis were a rich merchant family who controlled the city of Florence Italy, with ties to Rome, London, Venice, and Naples.
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This is influential because without it Martin Luther's reformation would have reached outside of Germany. This is also the first form of mass printing. It would lead to the mass production of bibles as well, and cause a massive increase in literacy rates in Europe. -
Columbus discovers the Americas.
Columbus's discovery of the Americas is influential because it led to the establishment of the U.S. and South America. This would also give Spain a lead in the effective arms race which was discovering the new world. -
This was a line set by the Pope to divide the world and stop a potential war between Portugal and Spain. -
Vasco Da Gama, rounded the Southern tip of Africa proving that Africa ended and finding a new trade route to help the spice race. -
John Cabot founded Newfoundland and found a new and faster route to the Americas across the Atlantic ocean. This would set the framework for the discovery of Canada. -
Lutheranism is a major religion in Europe. It took Europe by a swarm.
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This started a major religious renassaince. -
Hernan Cortez was a Spanish Conquistador who is responsible for the downfall of the Aztec empire. He explored Mexico for Spain and made them rich by taking all of the Aztecs gold and silver. -
Calvinism is a major religion. Calvinism contradicts Lutheranism.
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Magellan Circumnavigated the globe. This proved the earth was round, found new trade routes to India, and majorly helped advance Spain in the global spice trade race.
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Martin Luther is tried for heresy by the holy Roman emperor.
Luther would flee and hide in a prince's castle in Germany for the rest of his life. -
Francisco Pizarro sailed for Spain and explored a large portion of South America. He would slaughter the Incas and their emperor. He exported all of their gold and silver to Spain. -
Henry VIII broke away from the catholic church.
This led to the creation of Anglicanism which became the major religion in England. -
French explorer who found part of Canada. He made money for France by selling furs. He also has a watch brand named after him. -
The reign of Mary Tudor in England. Mary Tudor came into power in England after Edward. Mary Tudor or bloody Mary slaughtered all Anglican priests and burned Thomas Crammer at the stake for divorcing her parents and removing her from the royal family, she did give all Anglicans however a chance to convert to Catholicism.
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The Peace of Augsburg was a peace treaty in Germany that allowed individual kings of bergs to choose the religion of their berg.
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This is an influential reign because many things happened during her reign like the Spanish armada, converting back to Anglicanism, and Francis Drake pirating from the Spanish.
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Charles splits the holy Roman empire between Ferdinand and Phillip II. He gave Phillip Spain and Ferdinand gets France -
Francis Drake pirated many Spanish ships for England, which upset the king of Spain, Phillip II.
This is a major event leading up to the Spanish Armada. -
St. Bartholomew's day's massacre was a civil war in France. These were Catholic murdering Huguenots, this was just one of seven civil wars in France. There were 3,000 deaths in Paris and 70,000 in all of France. -
The Spanish Armada is an important event because it made Spain bankrupt, depleted their military, proved England as the strongest naval power, took a major power out of Europe, and made it seem that God was on the protestants' side because the armada lost and the remaining ships were destroyed by a storm and it was believed God acted in storms, this made all of Europe uncertain if Catholicism was right or Prodestentism was right.
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The Dust East India Company was a company that sailed to India to collect spices and make Europe extremely rich -
Henry Hudson discovers New York for the English. He is most known for his knowledge of North America, and his knowledge of waterways. He has a river named after him called the Hudson River. -
A war between France, Denmark, Sweden, and Spain.
This war caused a major power switch in Europe and limited the power the Catholic church had. -
Charles I was be headed.
The death of Charles I caused the commonwealth to come into power in England -
This was the end of monarchy in England for a time.
This proved that England couldn't exist without a monarchy and must have a parliament and a monarch ruling in conjunction. -
The restoration of Monarchy in England. This brought an end to the commonwealth. This allowed the monarchs and Parliament to coexist in peace.
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The glorious revolution was a revolution to overthrow King James II of England. This was accomplished by his daughter and her husband, Prince William of Orange. This was all caused by political and religious conflicts.