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Brown v. Board of Education
United States Supreme court ruled that a separate education for African American was not equal education. Segregating children by race was deemed unconstitutional and violated the rights of the fourteenth amendment. If schools would segregate by race it violated the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment. -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act
The United States Government passed this law as a fight for the war on poverty. This act provided schools within districts of low-income families for funds to be distributed evenly among districts. This enables children coming from low-income backgrounds a right to a proper public education. -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Before this act public schools had the ability to deny any children that did not have the mental age of five years old. This challenged the constitution that excluded students with mental retardation from a public education. It became the basis of the Education for all handicapped children act.
(https://www.pubintlaw.org/cases-and-projects/pennsylvania-association-for-retarded-citizens-parc-v-commonwealth-of-pennsylvania/) -
Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia
Mills case was very similar to PARC v. Commonwealth and expanded on it. Seven students were denied their right to an education because they were deemed as having behavioral problems. The courts then required schools to provide any services needed for the children. -
Rehabilitation Act
This act prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities. This act requires employers to not discriminate against people with disabilities as well as having technology available for people of the public and their employees. This act has provided opportunities for people with disabilities in education and employment. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
This act is commonly known as the mainstreaming law. This act requires public schools equal funding to children with disabilities. Public schools are required to assess children’s needs and create an educational plan with parents in order for them to succeed. First defined least restrictive environment. -
Honig v. Doe
John Doe was a student that had trouble controlling his emotional reactions and anger. At 17 years old he responded to the bullying of a student by choking him and kicking a school window. This case mandated that children could not be expelled if a child is reacting based on their disability.
(https://prezi.com/ng6pz0wp21oj/honig-v-doe/) -
Americans with Disabilities Act
The ADA is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination of people with disabilities in all areas of public life. This law provides equal opportunities to employment. It importantly provides accommodations for public transportation. This act was the first one to address people with AIDS as a part of the disabilities act. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
This act entitled children with disabilities to still receive services even if they get expelled from school. This act made sure that all children with disabilities are getting exceptional aid for their education. It also included statewide tests and assessments for children with disabilities. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA)
This act increased federal funds to provide students with disabilities early intervention services. This act also raised the standards for licensure of teachers who wanted to work with children in special education. Policies were designed to prevent race and ethnicity profiling.
