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The First State School for The Deaf
In Kentucky, the first state school for the deaf was established in 1823. It welcomed students from Southern and Western United States until other states established their own deaf schools.
Source: Wikipedia. -
Gallaudet College for the Deaf
"President Abraham Lincoln signed a bill into law creating Gallaudet College, which was an institution of higher learning for the deaf in 1864." Source: http://primaryresearch.org/the-history-of-special-education-in-the-late-1800s-to-mid-1900s-a-look-through-beverly-schools/
For further information about the subject, you can read this article on the Gallaudet College website: https://www3.gallaudet.edu/clerc-center/info-to-go/deaf-education/200-years-of-deaf-education.html. -
The National Association of the Deaf
The National Association of the Deaf (NAD) was established in 1880 to ensure that the deaf community has a voice in society, and to assist its members to win their demands and secure their rights.
More information can be found through this link: https://www.nad.org/about-us/ -
The Employment of Coach Teachers
"In the Beverly School Committee Report in 1913, the Superintendent of Schools, Howard Chace, mentions the employment of “coach teachers” in school buildings, which were seen as crowded. They were employed specifically to assist students who found their schoolwork difficult and also to encourage more gifted students in order for them to skip a grade." Source: http://primaryresearch.org/the-history-of-special-education-in-the-late-1800s-to-mid-1900s-a-look-through-beverly-schools/ -
Council for Exceptional Children (CEC)
"The International Council for the Education of Exceptional Children was organized by a group of administrators and supervisors attending the summer session at Teachers College, Columbia University, and their faculty members on August 10, 1922."
For further reading about its history, please visit this page: https://www.cec.sped.org/About-Us/CEC-Milestones -
Brown Vs. Board of Education
In Brown vs. Boards of Education of Topeka's case, the Supreme Court ruled that the segregation between White and African American children in schools was unconstitutional, paving the way for other discriminated groups, such as people with disabilities, to demand changes in the school's system.
For further reading, check the summary of the decision: https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/347/483/ -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
"Initiatives for low-income families. Applies to children who need support to benefit from public school education" as per the textbook.
The act provided the needed funding for schools to support educational programs to shorten the achievement gaps between students, as per Wikipedia. -
Vocational Rehabilitation Act
"The Rehabilitation Act authorizes the formula grant programs for vocational rehabilitation, supported employment, independent living, and client assistance.The Rehabilitation Act authorizes research activities that are administered by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research..The Rehabilitation Act also includes a variety of provisions focused on rights, advocacy, and protections for individuals with disabilities." source: The National Association of the Deaf. -
Education For All Handicapped Children Act
The Act introduced the concept of Least Restrictive Environment and assured equal access to education for all children with disabilities. it also made it mandatory for all public schools to create an IEP for them, which sets educational achievements and goals and measures them. Before the Act, disabled children were segregated and were not allowed to interact with non-disabled children. -
Americans With Disabilities Act
The Act protected disabled people against discrimination in employment. It also mandated public institutions to provide accessible access for them. the Act protects individuals with AIDS, further explanation on how AIDS is considered a disability by the ACt can be found here https://www.ada.gov/hiv/ada_q&a_aids.htm -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
IDEA replaced AHCA and added more disabilities. It guarantees Free Appropriate Public Education & teaching students in the Least Restrictive Environment.
Read more: A 25 Year History of the IDEA https://www2.ed.gov/policy/speced/leg/idea/history.html
Watch this video by the American Institutes for Research, "discussing the law’s evolution and its continued commitment to greater educational accountability, inclusion, and quality for all students." https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgwstMsPvd4 -
No Child Left Behind
No Child Left Behind required all public schools to perform standardized test annually to all students including those with disabilities. It aims to provide students with equal access to education.
to read about "The U.S. Department of Education emphasized four pillars within the bill" http://www.k12.wa.us/ESEA/NCLB.aspx -
IDEA Improvement Act (IDEIA).
"a major reauthorization and revision of IDEA. The new law preserves the basic structure and civil rights guarantees of IDEA but also makes significant changes in the law."
For further reading about the Act visit: http://www.specialednews.com/special-education-dictionary/ideia---individuals-with-disabilities-education-improvement-act.htm
