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Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. He studied Structuralism and stated that trained observers could accurately describe thoughts, feelings, and emotions through introspect. (Structuralism)
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Whenever the dogs were fed, they'd salivate. Then, Pavlov started ringing a bell whenever they were fed. Eventually, the dogs would salivate just from hearing the bell because they associated that with food. (Behaviorism)
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John Watson conducted an experiment on classical conditioning humans. First, Albert was exposed to several animals(rabbit, monkey, etc.) and he showed no fear. But when he was shown a rat and heard a loud noise at the same time, he would become upset and associate the two together. So whenever he saw the rat, he'd become upset. (Behaviorism)
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B.F. Skinner created a box in order to teach different animals different behaviors by giving them rewards or punishment. (Behaviorism)
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Jean Piaget stated that all humans go through 4 stages:
1. Sensorimotor (birth to 2)
2. Preoperational (2-7)
3. Concrete Operational (7-11)
4. Formal Operational (11-adulthood)
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Freud stated that only part of the superego and part of the ego are conscious. The rest of those and the id are unconscious. He depicted this by using an iceberg. (Psychoanalysis)
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Solomon Asch asked a group of people to identify the identical line. All but one knew to choose the incorrect answer. He wanted to see if the person would conform to the others answers.
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Albert Bandura conducted an experiment where he would have children watch adults abuse a doll. Then after, he would see what the children would do to the doll. They all acted very similarly to the adults.
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An experiment took place at Stanford University where half of the psychology students became prisoners, and the other half became guards. It had to be stopped because the students started to believe they were actually in that situation.
