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Influence of Foreign Powers and the Opium War
By the mid 19th century, Brittain had defeated China in the Opium wars.
China was under the influence of foreign powers which had established spheres of influence over the region.
They were forced to sign unequal treaties and open trade routes.
This would led to a nationalist sentiment and led to the Civil war due to the anger of people towards being abused. -
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Taiping Rebellion
This was a religious movement that intended to do a political reform.
This event was important because it show the warlords that they could use their armies to repress people and this started the decentralization of power. -
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Self-Strengthening movement
It was a period that intended the a reform to modernize China, but the non support of the Qing Dynasty and the division of ideologies doomed it to fail.
This was an important event because it also showed the resistance towards foreign powers but by the educated people -
Long Term Causes of the War
By this time, China was ruled by the Manchu Dynasty.
Most of China were peasants that just worked and starved. Also China had a rapid growing population.
Also the Dynasty had insane taxes on the Chinese people.
This Events would later led to the Double Tenth Revolution -
Death of the Emperor, Replace by Pu-Yi
This event led to an uncertainty and political weakness, mainly because the new emperor was 2 years old.
Also this helped the rebels to overthrow the Dynasty much easier due to the lack of a figure of authority -
Double Tenth Revolution
This was the revolution that overthrown the Manchu Dynasty.
It all started with a Rebellion of soldiers that spread quickly ant after this 15 provinces declared independent from Beijing. -
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Rule of Yuan ShiKai
He ruled as a dictator, ignoring the National Assembly. But he made several mistakes that led to his downfall. The biggest one was to proclaimed himself as an emperor in 1916.
By doing this he lost the support of the military and started the warlord era. -
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Warlord Era
After the dead of Yuan Shikai, China lost a leader and a figure of authority. This led to all the warlords breaking up into several provinces, taxing people on each of their domains.
This was a key cause to the Civil War in China, due to the humiliation and abuse people had gone through, people wanted a change and this would later led to the First United Front. -
May Fourth Movement
This Movement was about students protesting the Treaty of Versailles, against the warlords and the Japanese expansionism.
This was the first event that protested against the warlords and wanted to unify China -
First United Front
This was an attempt to unify China and to eliminate once and for all the warlords that still existed in China.
This was a problem, because after the thing that unify them was over, the 2 ideologies would crash and start the Civil War -
Northern Expedition and the take of Beijing
This was a plan to exterminate the warlords in central and northern China, the plan was a complete success, leading to the capture of Beijing in 1928, ending with the warlord era -
White Terror and the Purification Movement
This was the first series of attacks that left 5,000 casualties from the CCP, this consisted in basically extermine all the communist before they gain power.
By the end of 1927 the CCP was almost crushed and in a desperate act to survive they moved to the Jiangxi region
