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Illness was caused by a moral weakness: Spiritual/religious-exorcisms were used to "cure" mentally ill patients.
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Mentally ill were treated as witches: Spiritual/religious and sociocultural-exorcisms were used to "cure" mentally ill patients and the witch hunts were a social phenomena that affected multiple regions of the world.
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Benjamin Rush used inhumane methods to treat patients while trying to improve standards of care: Psychology-Use of crude devices to "cure" patients.
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Beginning of hypnosis: Psychological-helped people focus on psychological events that may be triggers in a patient's life.
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Increased care of patients: Psychological-began to treat patients as sick people and not animals.
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Philippe Pinel released the first mental patients from confinement in the first massive movement for more humane treatment of the mentally ill.
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Franz Gall wrote about phrenology (the idea that a person's skull shape and placement of bumps on the head can reveal personality traits.
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Phineas Gage suffered brain damage when an iron pole pierces his brain. His personality was changed but his intellect remained intact suggesting that an area of the brain plays a role in personality.
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French physician Paul Broca discovered an area in the left frontal lobe that plays a key role in language development.
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Beginning of feminism movement: Sociocultural-women began to show their views within the psychology field.
