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Settling the West/Laurier's Plan
Laurier and the Liberal party were in power in 1896. They continued to govern the country for 15 years. Clifford Sifton, the Minister of the Interior, was given the job of finding people to settle the west because the west was ready to grow large amounts of wheat. Cliffton was looking for strong healthy men that had experience in farming. The government put up advertising campaigns in Britain, Europe, and the United States. -
Ypres
The battle of Ypres marked the first time the Germans and Canadians had ever used poison gas. Back then there weren't any gas masks so they had to use a wet strip of cotton tied over the nose and the mout. After that poisonous gas was outlawed because it caused so many respiratory conditions. The battle marked one of Canada's first victories. More than 6000 Canadians died but they still held the ground. -
Prohibition
Prohibition is the law that banned alcohol all together. Many Canadians believed that alcoholic drinks were evil and immoral. Many people also believed that instead of making beer and alcohol the grain should be used to help feed the soldiers and people in Europe. By 1917, all provinces except Quebec adopted prohibition. -
Women and the Persons Case
A lawyer in her Alberta courtroom challenged the right to judge any case because she was a women. He said the no women was a "person" in the eyes of the law. Emily Murphy and four other women decided to petition the prime minister. In April 1928 the Supreme Court of Canada decided the women were not "persons" qualified for appointment to the Canadian Senate. Two years later a woman was finally appointed to the house thanks to the Famous Five. Cairine Wilson was the first women appointed. -
Alliances
In world War One there were two sides of alliances: side 1 (The Triple Entente) was Britain, France, and Russia, side 2 (The Triple Alliance, which also included Italy) was Germany and Austria-Hungary. The alliances were formed because they were fighting against a common threat. The alliances were dangerous because the increased fear and suspicion among the rival nations. -
War on the Home Front
A demand for food and war supplies was created by the ongoing battles of World War One. There for Canada need to coordinate.: Food control Board: Designed to organize the production and shipment of supplies on a massive scale. A Munitions Board: Created to produce guns, shells, cargo, ships, aircraft, and explosives for war. World War One coat approximately $1 million a day. They used patriotic funds, victory bonds, loans, and temporary taxes to do that. -
6 Depression Solutions
1)Relief camps were for homeless drifters looking for work. 2)Public and private relief provide some income in the form of food stamps and coupons for goods.3)On-to-Ottawa trek were fed up relief campers that went to Ottawa to complain to the government.4)Political parties like the CCF and social credit helped end the depression.5)Immigration/ prejudice/racism was Canada's gov't making it harder for people to immigrate to Canada. 6)Bennett's new deal was just work hours and minimum wages. -
Causes of the Great Depression
6 causes of the Great Depression were overproduction and over expansion, Canada's dependence on a few primary products, Canada's dependence on the United States, high tariffs choked off international trade, too much credit buying, and too much credit buying of stocks. -
Pearl Harbour
Pearl Harbour was an American military base.The U.S had moved a large naval force to pearl as a show of force to discourage Japanese.Included in this force were 7 battleships and a large number of warplanes,along with military personnel and their families.Dec 7th observers stationed at pearl saw planes flying low over the island.Thinking they were Americans practising manoeuvres, no alarm was issued. In reality they were seeing the beginning of a Japanese attack. -
Suburbia
The "suburbs" was originally a phrase that was given to an area created near a city to provide for quick transportation to the city without the accompanying problems of the city.However, the phrase took on a whole new meaning with the introduction of William Levitt's real estate tactics.In the last years before World War II, the Levitts began to experiment with the idea of building communities, rather than just houses.The plans for Levittown were made during the war years. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
During the Cuban Missile Crisis, leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense,13-day standoff.President John Kennedy explained his decision to enact a naval blockade around Cuba and made it clear the U.S was prepared to use military force if necessary.Disaster was avoided when the U.S agreed to Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev’s offer to remove the Cuban missiles in exchange for the U.S promising not to invade Cuba. Kennedy also secrtly agreed to remove U.S. missiles from Turkey. -
Great Flag Debate
Canada had existed for 96 years and still did not have a flag to call its own.In 1963, Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson pitched his idea for a new flag during a speech to the Canadian Legion in Winnipeg.It was in a charged atmosphere that Parliament began the flag debate, lead by John Diefenbaker.The parliamentary debate on the flag was lengthy and ugly. It consumed 37 sitting days.That vote was taken on December 15, 1964 and the committee's recommendation was accepted 163 to 78. -
Holocaust
The Holocaust was the mass murder or genocide of approximately six million Jews during World War II, a programme of systematic state-sponsored murder by Nazi Germany, led by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party, throughout the German Reich and German-occupied territories.Of the nine million Jews who had resided in Europe before the Holocaust, approximately two-thirds were killed.Over one million Jewish children were killed in the Holocaust, as were approximately two million Jewish women. -
Hitler
The Great Depression in Germany provided a political opportunity for Hitler. Germans were ambivalent to the parliamentary republic and increasingly open to extremist options. In 1932, Hitler ran against Paul von Hindenburg for the presidency. Hitler came in second.In 1938,Hitler escalated his activities in 1940, invading Scandinavia as well as France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Belgium.Hitler ordered bombing raids on the United Kingdom, with the goal of invasion. -
Mussolini
Mussolini was the founder of Fascism and leader of Italy from 1922 to 1943. He allied Italy with Nazi Germany and Japan in World War Two.In July 1943, Allied troops landed in Sicily. Mussolini was overthrown and imprisoned by his former colleagues in the Fascist government. In September, Italy signed an armistice with the Allies.As the Allies advanced northwards through Italy, Mussolini fled towards Switzerland. He was captured by Italian partisans and shot on 28 April 1945. -
Immigration Act of 1978
The Immigration Act of 1976 marked a significant shift in Canadian immigration policy in limiting the wide discretionary powers of the minister of manpower and immigration.The act took effect on April 10, 1978. It was amended more than 30 times, including major revisions in 1985 and 1992, before being replaced in 2002 with the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act. -
"O Canada" Became National Anthum
"O Canada" was proclaimed Canada's national anthem on July 1, 1980, 100 years after it was first sung on June 24, 1880. The music was composed by Calixa Lavallée, a well-known composer; French lyrics to accompany the music were written by Sir Adolphe-Basile Routhier.The version on which the official English lyrics are based was written in 1908 by Mr. Justice Robert Stanley Weir. The official English version includes changes recommended in 1968 by a Special Joint Committee of the Senate and HOC. -
Medicare
In 1965 President Lyndon B. Johnson signs Medicare, a health insurance program for elderly Americans, into law. At the bill-signing ceremony, which took place at the Truman Library in Independence, Missouri, former President Harry S. Truman was enrolled as Medicare's first beneficiary and received the first Medicare card.In 1977, the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) was created to administer Medicare and work with state governments to administer Medicaid. -
Canada's Peace Keeping Efforts
Canada has participated in overseas peace efforts with international organizations.However, not all of Canada's international military efforts over the last 50 years have been peacekeeping missions. At times, Canada has also responded by participating in military actions against aggressive nations who would deny basic human rights to others.The Persian Gulf War of the early 1990s was a struggle.More than 4,000 Canadian Forces personnel served in the tense Persian Gulf region.
