The First Fleet to The Australian Gold Rush By chris.pham May 13, 1787 The the First Fleet leave Portsmouth to transport convicts Jan 18, 1788 First Fleet lands in Botany Bay Jan 26, 1788 The First Fleet move to Sydney Cove 1789 Outbreak of smallpox decimates local tribes 1790 The Second Fleet of convicts arrives in Sydney Cove 1791 The Third Fleet of convicts arrive 1793 The First Free settlers arrive in NSW Jan 1, 1817 'Australia' is named 1825 The founding of Brisbane Jun 1, 1829 Western Australia is founded Aug 30, 1835 Melbourne is founded Dec 28, 1836 South Australia is established 1841 New Zealand is separated from NSW Feb 12, 1851 Gold is found and the Australian Gold Rush begins Jul 1, 1851 Victoria is separated from NSW Dec 3, 1854 The Eureka Stockade