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the Ottomans granted equal citizenship to all the people under their rule
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Wilhelm I of Prussia appointed Otto von Bismarck prime minister.
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Bismarck led sucessful war against Austria
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Bismarck takes three more states and frees the city of Frankfurt
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Bismarck decided to go to war with France, believing that the other German states would come to Prussia’s aid
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Wilhelm I of Prussia was officially crowned emperor of Germany. In a final insult to the French, the Germans held the ceremony in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles.