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Jackie Robinson
Jackie Robinson became the first Afr. Amer. to play major league baseball, breaking sports segregation barrier. He joined the Brooklyn Dodgers, but endured rough treatment/death threats. He won the hearts of many. -
Cold War
there is no specific date on when the cold war started only the year it began and when it ended. The Cold war went on from 1947–1991. It was "cold" because there was no large-scale fighting directly between the two sides, although there were major regional wars in Korea, Vietnam and Afghanistan that the two sides supported. The Cold War split the temporary wartime alliance against Nazi Germany, leaving the USSR and the US as two superpowers with profound economic and political differences. -
McCarthyism
This was basically when Senator Joseph McCarthy believed there were a lot of communist in the United States and that there were also a lot of people who were symptathic for communist. If you were found to be one of those people then you would basically be black listed and not able to do anything. As a result of all this suspicion he formed a new Congressional comittee to investigate people they suspected. -
Baby Boom
More babies were born in 1946 than ever before: 3.4 million, 20 percent more than in 1945. This was the beginning of the so-called “baby boom.” In 1947, another 3.8 million babies were born; 3.9 million were born in 1952; and more than 4 million were born every year from 1954 until 1964, when the boom finally tapered off. By then, there were 76.4 million “baby boomers” in the United States. They made up almost 40 percent of the nation’s population. -
Desegregated Armys
The United States Army high command announces it will desegregate the Army. This is important because now African Americans could serve for their country as well as whites. -
Fighting Ends In Korea
The Atomic Bomb Was what the US droped on Korea to make the Korean Republic surrender and let the US take victory -
Warsaw Pact
This was signed, establishing a mutual defense arrangement subscribed to by eight Communist states in Eastern Europe, including the Soviet Union. -
Emmett Till
His murder helped the start of the civil rights movement. Three days after arriving in Money, Emmett and a group of friends entered Bryant's Grocery to buy refreshments after a long day picking cotton in the hot afternoon sun. some of the kids with him would later report that he either whistled at, flirted with, or touched the hand of the store's white female clerk. Four days later, at approximately 2:30 a.m. he was taken beaten and shot in the head by her Husband and bro in law. -
Civil Rights (Rosa Parks)
Rosa Parks (the "mother of the Civil Rights Movement") refused to give her seat up on the bus to a white person during a Montgomery bus ride home. She is taken to jail and her friend E.D Nixon bails her out. This caused alot to happen because after she got out of jail they started the Montgomery bus Boycott . -
Southern Manifesto
The Southern Manifest was signed March 12th, 1956. It was the 2nd Anniversary of the U.S. Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education. The Southern Manifesto was signed by 101 of the Souths 128 congressional members. This was important because it called for desegregation. -
Brown V Board of Education
On May 17, 1954, the Court unanimously ruled that "separate but equal" public schools for blacks and whites were unconstitutional. The Brown case served as a catalyst for the modern civil rights movement, inspiring education reform everywhere and forming the legal means of challenging segregation in all areas of society. After Brown, the nation made great strides toward opening the doors of education to all students. With court orders and active enforcement of federal civil rights laws. -
Little Rock Nine
The barring of nine Black African-American students who were prevented from entering Arkansas’ Little Rock Central High School on September 4, 1957, became known historically as the “Little Rock Crisis,” with then-Governor Orval Faubus calling in the National Guard to stop the students at the door. On this date in 1957, the nine students would begin integration of Little Rock Central along with federal and nearby Army troops. -
Mowton Takeover
n 1959, Berry Gordy -- a one-time assembly line worker at Ford Motor Company -- founded a Detroit-based record company called Motown. By 1963, Motown became the most successful black-owned record company in the history of American music. Motown had a stable of vocal groups, songwriters, musicians. The productions were known for their "tight orchestrations and catchy lyrics" (Maurice Isserman & Michael Kazin, American Divided: The Civil War of the 1960s, p.94). Motown was a complete operation -
HIV/AIDS
The earliest known case of infection with HIV-1 in a human was detected in a blood sample collected in a man from Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. This was said to come from SIV which is basically the same as HIV but with monkeys. This affected the U.S. because ever since the epidemic began 1.7 million Americans have been infected with HIV and more than 617,025 have died of AIDS-related causes. -
Student Begin Sit In
Four black students in Greensboro, North Carolina, begin a sit-in at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter (Feb. 1). Six months later the "Greensboro Four" are served lunch at the same Woolworth's counter. The event triggers many similar nonviolent protests throughout the South. -
Albany Movement
Blacks at this point, wanted segregation to be banned from everything.Tensions between organizations like SNCC and SCLC. People begin utilizing the method of filling up jail cells. MLK gets arrested but a mysterious person bails him out. King left confused and did not know what to do- he left the town and after, his absence was less significant for the people. There was not real success because goals were too broad. This mobilized entire community to take action. -
Freedom Riders
Over the spring and summer, student volunteers begin taking bus trips through the South to test out new laws that prohibit segregation in interstate travel facilities, which includes bus and railway stations. Several of the groups of "freedom riders," as they are called, are attacked by angry mobs along the way. The program, sponsored by The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), involves more than 1,000 volunteers, black and white. -
Vietnam War
The U.S. helped non-Communist South Vietnam fight invasion by Communist North Vietnam. 8,744,000 U.S. troops helped fight the war, 47,410 of them died. North Vietnamese torpedo boats attacked the US destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin on August 2, 1964. President Johnson orderedthe air craft to strike against them. President Nixon begins troop withdrawals as alot of people started to withdrawl and protest against the war. A cease-fire was signed in Paris, 1973 -
Hippie Culture
The hippies’ primary tenet was that life was about being happy, not about what others thought you should be. Their “if it feels good, do it” attitudes included little forethought nor concern for the consequences of their Hippies rejected established institutions. Calling them “The Establishment”, “Big Brother”, and “The Man”, hippies believed the dominant mainstream culture was corrupt and inherently flawed and sought to replace it with a Utopian society. -
James Meredith
James Meredith becomes the first black student to enroll at the University of Mississippi (Oct. 1). President Kennedy sends 5,000 federal troops after rioting breaks out. -
Martin Luther King JR.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a civil rights activist. He was a huge stepping stone in the black civil rights movement. Without him many of the things that happened wouldnt have gotten done or would have took a long time to be done. He is most widely known fror his "I Have A Dream" speech. When that speech was given it inspired many people and opened the eyes of many. In Addition to his speech he was born January 15, 1929 and assassinated on April 4, 1968. -
John F. Kennedy Assassination.
This assassination took place in the Dealey Plaza, in Dallas Texas. Kennedy was shot by a sniper while he was riding in a car with his wife Jacqueline Kennedy. After a 10 month investigation it was said that Lee Harvey Oswald was the one who assassinated him. Before Oswald could even go on trial Jack Ruby assassinated him. Both acting alone with no help. -
Students Missing
The bodies of three civil-rights workers are found. Murdered by the KKK, James E. Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner had been working to register black voters in Mississippi (Aug -
Malcom X
Malcom X Originally born Malcom Little also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz was a big icon in the civil rights movement. he was also a prominent person of Islam. He learned to place the American Civil Rights Movement within the context of a global anti-colonial struggle, embracing socialism and pan-Africanism. He is also widely known for his qoute "By any means neccessary" which then lead the Black Panthers even though he himself wasn't their leader. -
Maya Angelou Poetry
I keep on dying again.
Veins collapse, opening like the
Small fists of sleeping
Children.
Memory of old tombs,
Rotting flesh and worms do
Not convince me against
The challenge. The years
And cold defeat live deep in
Lines along my face.
They dull my eyes, yet
I keep on dying,
Because I love to live. -
Bloody Sunday
tate troopers violently attack peaceful demonstrators led by Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., as they try to cross the Pettus Bridge in Selma, Ala. Fifty marchers are hospitalized on "Bloody Sunday," after police use tear gas, whips, and clubs against them. The march is considered the catalyst for pushing through the voting rights act five months later -
Un Constitutional
The Supreme Court rules in Loving v. Virginia that prohibiting interracial marriage is unconstitutional. Sixteen states still have anti-miscegenation laws and are forced to revise them. -
Thurgood Marshall
President Johnson appoints Thurgood Marshall to the Supreme Court. He becomes the first black Supreme Court Justice. -
Tuskgsee Syphillis Ends
The infamous Tuskegee Syphilis experiment ends. Begun in 1932, the U.S. Public Health Service's 40-year experiment on 399 black men in the late stages of syphilis has been described as an experiment that "used human beings as laboratory animals in a long and inefficient study of how long it takes syphilis to kill someone." -
China Joins the UN
On October 24, 1945, the Republic of China joined the UN. There were two different groups in China, the Republic of China and The Peoples Republic of China. The Republic of China joined the UN on Oct. 24th, 1945 to council and The Peoples Republic of China joined on Nov. 24th, 1971. The reason for China to join the UN because they wanted to improve their international standing post. -
Watergate Break In
On June 17, 1972, five men were arrested for breaking into the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate complex. The men, Virgilio González, Bernard Barker, James W. McCord, Jr., Eugenio Martínez, and Frank Sturgis, were later found to have affiliation with the republican commitee "The Commitee to Re-elect the President." This event is significant because it demonstrated the extent that President Nixon was ready to go to in order to win the election. -
War-Powers Act Passed
This law is an attempt to ensure that the President can not engage in war without the explicit approval of Congress. It was a result of the "Secret" bombings in Cambodia authorized by Nixon, and the Act's main purpose is to limit the power of the President to enage in war. Regurarly ignored by president's in both parties, this act has been in a debate on its constitutionality since it was passed. -
Love Canal
Love Canal, New York was the location of a chemical dumpsite for Hooker Chemical for twenty years, later sold to Niagra Falls School Board on April 28, 1953. Elementary schools (93 and 99) were built on top of the old landfill, which had been covered up years prior. Heavy rain turned the old landfill into a water basin, which leaked and spread throughout the communities, laced with oils and chemicals from the landfill. -
Election Of 1976
Jimmy Carter wins over Gerald Ford, closest election since 1916 -Carter recieved 297 electoral votes, while Ford recieved 240. Ford was hurt by his pardon of Nixon, along with the slow economy under his brief time as president. This marked the first Deep-South president since Zachary Taylor, and put Jimmy Carter into office - the man who would make many forgien policy steps towards peace. -
U.S Recgonizes Chinas Communist
President Jimmy Carter recognized Communist China, a reversal of 30 years of foreign policy. Carter's decision was primarily due to to the economic potential, as well as the political - using China as a way of softening relations with the Soviet Union. The event ultimately was a big step towards a "cool-down" of the stand off between the Soviet Union and United States, while also giving birth to the superpower China has become. -
1980 Olympic Hockey Team
During the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, history was made. On February 22, the United States men's ice hockey team, coached under Herb Brooks, defeated the Soviet team. A team that had won almost every wold championship and Olympic tournament since 1954. This would later become known as “The Miracle on Ice.” (read continued blurb) -
Iran Releases Hostages
US citizens were held hostage for 444 days from Nov. 4 1979 - Jan. 20 1981 after the US embassy was taken over by Islamic students and militants. -
Ronald Reagan
A governor for California, Ronald Reagan would become the President of the United States in 1980. As soon as he takes office, the hostages in Iran are released. One of his programs was called "Reagnomics," which made tax cuts to the upper class to help the lower class. Regan was a very loved and succesful president. -
Iran Contra Affair
However, when Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North intervened with the project, a high percentage of the profits of these sells went to the Contras in Nicaragua. Consequently, when the public found out, Reagan's popularity dropped significantly. This was the first time his ratings took a massive blow and showed that the American government could go behind the country and abuse its powers. When light was shined on his scandal (read continued 2) -
George Wallace
Wallace was elected governor the first time in 1962, with what was the largest popular vote in state history and with the declaration: "I draw the line in the dust and toss the gauntlet before the feet of tyranny, and I say, segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever."For the next 15 years he made a political career, usually on the national stage, as a man who opposed the advancement of rights for blacks, as well as the powers of the federal government.
