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The American Revolution meant that no more convicts could be sent from England to America, instead the the only option for the English was for the convicts to be sent to Australia.
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The Fleet consisted of two Royal Navy escort ships, HMS Sirius and HMS Supply. They accompanied six convict transports, the Alexander, Charlotte, Friendship, Lady Penrhyn, Prince of Wales and the Scarborough, and three store ships, the Borrowdale, Fishburn and Golden Grove. Led by captain Arthur Phillips.
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Van diemens lands
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The aboriginal people had lived in isolation for over 40,000 years and when they met the British in an uneasy stand off at what is now known as frenchmans beach at La perouse.
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Six ships left England; guardian, Justinian, lady Juliana, surprize, Neptune and Scarborough.
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This occurred due to the improving health and living conditions.